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考研新题型,模拟题及答案【一】:2015考研英语新题型模拟试题及答案1
2015年英语考研必备资料 2015年考研英语新题型模拟试题及答案（1） 2015年考研英语新题型模拟试题（1）
一、七选五或填空式阅读
Passage1
English has become the world’s number one language in the 20th century. In every country where is not the native language, especially in the Third World, people must strive to learn it to the best of their abilities, if they want to participate fully in the development of their countries.41)__________.
42) __________.Nonetheless, a world full of different language will disappear if the present trend in many countries to use English to replace the national or official languages in education, trade and even politics continues.43) __________ . The Third World countries that are now using English as a medium of instruction are depriving 75 per cent of their future leaders of a proper education. According to many studies, only around 20 to 25 per cent of students in these countries can manage to learn the language of instruction as well as basic subjects at the same time. Many leaders of these Third World countries are obsessed with English and for them English is everything. They seem to believe that if the students speak English, they are already knowledgeable.44) __________ .
All the greatest countries of the world are great because they constantly use their own languages in all national development activities, including education. From a psychological point of view, those who are taught in their own language from the start will develop better self-confidence and self-reliance. From a linguistic point of view, the best brains can only be produced if students are educated in their own language from the start.45) __________.
There is nothing wrong, however, in learning a foreign language at advanced levels of education. But the best thing to do is to have a good education in one’s native language first, then go abroad to have a university in a foreign language.
A) If this situation continues, the native or official languages of these countries will certainly die within two or three generations. This phenomenon has
been called linguistic genocide. A language dies if it is not fully used in most activities, particularly as a medium of instruction in schools.
B) Those who are taught in a foreign language form the start will tend to be imitators and lack self-confidence. They will tend to rely on foreign consultants.
C) Suppose you work in a big firm and find and find English very important for your job because you often deal with foreign businessmen. Now you are looking a place where you can improve your English, especially your spoken English.
D) But many people are concerned that English’s dominance will destroy native languages.
E) These leaders speak and write English much better than their national languages. If these leaders deliver speeches anywhere in the world they use English and they feel more at home with it and proud of their ability as well. The citizens of their countries do not understand their leader’s speeches because they are made in a foreign language.
F) Here are some advertisements about English language training from newspapers. You may find the information you need.
G) A close examination reveals a great number of languages have fallen casualty to English. For example, it has wiped out Hawaiian, Welsh, Scotch Gaelic, Irish, native American languages, and many others. Luckily, some of these languages are now being revived, such as Hawaiian and Welsh, and these languages will live again, hopefully, if dedicated people continue their work of reviving them.
Passage 2
In 1959 the average American family paid $ 989 for a year’s supply of food. In 1972 the family paid $1,311. That was a price increase of nearly one –third. Every family has had this sort of experience. Everyone agrees that the cost of feeding a family has risen sharply. But there is less agreement when reasons for the rise are being discussed. Who is really responsible?
Many blame the farmers who produce the vegetables, fruit, meat, eggs, and cheese that stores offer for sale. According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture, the farmer’s share of the $1,311 spent by the family in 1972 was $521. This was 31 percent more than the farmer had received in 1959.
But farmers claim that this increase was very small compared to the increase in their cost of living. Farmers tend to blame others for the sharp rise in food prices.
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考研新题型,模拟题及答案【二】:2016木哥考研英语阅读新题型最新20篇模拟预测题
2016年考研英语阅读新题型最新模拟题—原题
Habits are a funny thing. We reach for them mindlessly, setting our brains on auto-pilot and relaxing into the unconscious comfort of familiar routine. “Not choice, but habit rules the unreflecting herd,” William Wordsworth said in the 19th century. In the ever-changing 21st century, even the word “habit” carries a negative connotation.
So it seems paradoxical to talk about habits in the same context as creativity and innovation. But brain researchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits, we can even create entirely new brain cells that can jump our trains of thought onto new, innovative tracks. 41_____________________________
All of us work through problems in ways of which we're unaware, says Dawna Markova, author of “The Open Mind”. Researchers in the late 1960s discovered that humans are born with the capacity to approach challenges in four primary ways: analytically, procedurally, relationally (or collaboratively) and innovatively. 42________________________
The current emphasis on standardized testing highlights analysis and procedure, meaning that few of us inherently use our innovative and collaborative modes of thought. 43__________________ This emphasis clearly leads to ordinary performance. On the contrary, knowing what you're good at and doing even more of it creates excellence.
44________________________ Figure out what has worked for you when you've learned in the past, and you can draw your own map for developing additional skills and behaviors for the future. Ms. Ryan says, “If you have a pathway to learning, use it because that's going to be easier than creating an entirely new pathway in your brain.”
Ms. Ryan and Ms. Markova have found what they call three zones of existence: comfort, stretch and stress. Comfort is the realm of existing habit. Stress occurs when a challenge is so far beyond current experience as to be overwhelming. It's that stretch zone in the middle — activities that feel a bit awkward and unfamiliar — where true change occurs.
Getting into the stretch zone is good for you, according to Ms. Ryan. It helps keep your brain healthy. It turns out that unless we continue to learn new things, which challenges our brains to create new pathways, they literally begin to weaken, which may result in brain diseases. She recommends practicing a technique called kaizen, which calls for tiny, continuous improvements. 45__________________________ That can be fatal in business, particularly for executives who surround themselves with like-thinkers. If seniority and promotion are based on similarity to those at the top, chances are strong that the company lacks intellectual diversity.
[A] This is where developing new habits comes in. If you're an analytical or procedural thinker, you learn in different ways than someone who is inherently innovative or collaborative.
[B] Rather than dismissing ourselves as unchangeable creatures of habit, we can instead direct our own change by consciously developing new habits. In fact, the more new things we try — the more we step outside our comfort zone — the more inherently creative we become, both in the workplace and in our personal lives.
[C] After the confusion, the brain begins organizing the new input, ultimately creating new synaptic connections if the process is repeated enough.www.shanpow.com_考研新题型,模拟题及答案。
[D] “This breaks the major rule in the American belief system — that anyone can do anything,” explains M. J. Ryan, author of the 2006 book “This Year I Will...”
[E] But if, during creation of that new habit, the “Great Decider” steps in to protest against taking the unfamiliar path, people may keep doing the same thing over and over again.
[F] At teenage years, however, the brain shuts down half of that capacity, preserving only those modes of thought that have seemed most valuable during the first decade or so of life.
[G] Simultaneously, take a look at how colleagues approach challenges, Ms. Markova suggests. We tend to believe that those who think the way we do are smarter than those who don't. Part B
一、文章体裁结构分析
这是一篇有关人们开发新习惯进而引发创新的说明文。文章第一、二段引出习惯这一话题，并说明了开发新的习惯可以带来创新。第三、四、五段解释了新习惯是如何产生的；后面剩余几段说明了人在拉伸区容易发生新的变化进而促进人的大脑健康。
二 、试题解析
【参考答案】 41. B 42. F 43. D 44. A 45. G
41.【正确答案】B
【解答过程】从文中给出的内容我们粗略地知道文章谈论的是有关开发新习惯引发创新的话题。本题缺失内容位于第二段的段尾，因此我们要回到空前的内容去寻找答题线索。前面提到如果我们有意识地去开发新的习惯， 就能让思维跳到创新的轨道上，由此，我们可以推测选填的内容可能会进一步解释这两者的关系。查看选项，B中“we can direct our change by consciously developing new habits”刚好涉及这一内容，而且“Rather than dismissing ourselves as unchangeable creatures of habit” 刚好是对前面“consciously”这个词的回应和解释，因此本题答案为E。
42.【正确答案】F
【解答过程】本题缺失内容是第三段的段尾。我们可以根据上下文来判断合理的选项，空前的内容提及“我们都以我们意识不到的方式来处理问题”；第四段的句首又提到“我们之中很少有人生来就能运用我们
的创造性和合作思维模式”，据此我们可以推断正确的选项应该与部分能力未被开发有关，查看选项，只有F提到人们在青少年的时候有一半也就是两种能力关闭了，这正好与空后的内容相一致。故答案为C。
43.【正确答案】D
【解答过程】本题缺失内容在第四段的中间，而中间的内容必然会起到衔接上下的作用，因此我们需要参考该空的前后来寻找线索。空前的内容谈到“我们之中很少有人生来就能运用我们的创造性和合作性思维模式”；空后的内容谈到“这种强调很明显导致了平庸表现”，这说明缺失的内容应该是有人进行了这种强调，查看选项，D正好与此有关，而且选项开头的“this” 刚好能指代前面的“我们之中很少有人生来就能运用我们的创造性和合作性思维模式”，故答案为A。
44.【正确答案】A
【解答过程】本题缺失内容是第五段的段首句。同样我们需要在其上下文找线索。空前的内容(第四段最后)反对由于缺乏创新导致的平庸表现，故此处应该引出新的东西；而且空后提到“找出你过去学习的有用的东西，你可以画出未来可以开发的附加技巧和行为图”,这显然与人的分析或者学习东西的能力有关，参看选项，A刚好就是与这个有关，故答案为A。
45.【正确答案】G
【解答过程】本题缺失内容是段首句，我们应根据前后文来确定答案。空前内容(上一段)提到Ryan建议人们进行kaizen的技巧练习，那么我们可以推测接下来应该还有别的方法参考；而且空后提到“这对商业具有致命的打击，对那些身边充斥着只会附和的员工的老板们来说尤其如此。”这说明有一种想法或倾向是致命的，查看选项，G中的发“simultaneous”刚好可以引入别的方法，而其中的“我们总是相信那些做法和我们一致的人要比那些做法和我们不一致的人聪明得多”这句话刚好和“附和”是一个意思，而且是一种有害的主观倾向，刚好能满足这一空的要求，因此答案是G。
【干扰项分析】干扰项C，提到“After the confusion”，说明前面必然要提到混乱、困惑状态下的状况，而这在文章中根本找不到对应内容，故排除；干扰项E项中首次出现了“the “Great Decider”，文中只字未提该短语或做出任何相关的解释，如果选择会很突兀，故排除掉。
全文翻译：
习惯是一个很有趣的事情。我们漫不经心地触及它，让我们的大脑处于自动巡航状态，放松地进入熟悉的日常工作的无意识舒适之中。威廉.华兹华斯在19世纪说：“不是选择，而是习惯驾驭了轻率的兽群”。在21世纪，即使是习惯也带上了负面涵义。
因此在与创意和创新相同的语境里谈习惯似乎有些矛盾。但从事大脑研究的人员已经发现，当我们有意识地开发新习惯时，我们甚至能够创造全新的脑细胞，这能够使我们的思绪跳跃到创新的轨道上。不必将我们当作是一成不变的习惯的动物，我们实际可以通过有意识地开发新习惯来引导我们自己的变化。实际上，我们越多尝试新东西，越多超越我们的舒适区，我们就会从内在里具备创造性，不管是工作上还是生活里。 《开放的思想》一书的作者Dawna Markova说，我们所有人都以我们意识不到的方式来处理问题。20世纪60年代的研究人员发现，人类出生时就有能力以四种方式应对挑战：分析性，程序性，相关性(合作性)
和创新性。但在青少年时期，大脑关闭一半的能力，仅保留哪些似乎在人生最初10多年中最有价值的哪些思维模式。
目前对于标准化测试的重视强调分析和程序，意味着我们之中很少有人生来就能运用我们的创造性和合作性思维模式。2006年出版的《今年我将„》一书作者M. J. Ryan 解释说：“这破坏了美国信仰体系中的最重要法则—每个人都能做成任何事情”。这种重视很明显导致了平庸表现。相反地，知道你擅长做的，并且多做会成就卓越。
就是在此新习惯登场了。如果你是一个分析型或程序型的思考者，你学习的方式不同于先天是创新或合作型的人。找出你过去学习的有用的东西，你可以画出未来可以开发的附加技巧和行为图。Ryan女士说：“如果你有路径来学习，就要用它，因为这将比在你的大脑创作全新的路径要容易得多。”
Ryan和Markova两位女士已经发现了她们称之为三种存在区的东西：舒适，拉伸，压力。舒适是现存习惯的领地。压力是在挑战远远超越目前经验，以至于不可抗拒时发生。处于中间的是拉伸区，是一些感到有点别扭和不熟悉的活动，就在这一区发生真正的变化。
根据Ryan女士的说法，进入拉伸区对你是有好处的。这有助于你保持大脑健康。结果显示除非我们继续学习新东西，这样挑战我们大脑去创造新路径，否则大脑就会开始变弱，这可能会导致大脑疾病。她推荐练习一种叫做kaizen的技巧，这种技巧需要微小而持续的提高。
同时，你去看看你的同事是如何应对挑战的，这是Markova小姐提出的建议。我们总是相信那些做法和我们一致的人要比那些做法和我们不一致的人聪明得多。这种倾向对商业具有致命的打击，对那些身边尽是些附和者的老板们来说尤其如此。如果论资排辈和职务晋升都要建立在对高层领导想法的附和之上，那么这个公司的才智肯定会趋于单一化。
10、Directions:
You are going to read a list of headings and a text about preparing in the academic community. Choose the most suitable heading from the list A-F for each numbered paragraph (41-45). The first and last paragraphs of the text are not numbered. There is one extra heading which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
Archaeological study covers an extremely long span of time and a great variety of subjects. The earliest subjects of archaeological study date from the origins of humanity. These include fossil remains believed to be of human ancestors who lived 3.5 million to 4.5 million years ago. The earliest archaeological sites include those at Hadar, Ethiopia; Laetoli, Tanzania; East Turkana, Kenya; and elsewhere in East Africa. These sites contain evidence of the first appearance of bipedal (upright-walking, apelike early humans).41. ___________
The first physically modern humans, Homo sapiens, appeared in tropical Africa between 200,000 and 150,000 years ago—dates determined by molecular biologists and archaeologists working together. Dozens of archaeological sites throughout Asia and Europe show how people migrated from Africa and settled in these two continents during the last Ice Age (100,000 to 15,000 years ago). 42. ___________
Archaeologists have documented that the development of agriculture took place about 10,000 years ago. Early domestication—the planting and harvesting of plants and the breeding and herding of animals—is evident in such places as the ancient settlement of Jericho in Jordan and in Tehuacán Valley in Mexico. Archaeology plays a major role in the study of early civilizations, such as those of the Sumerians of Mesopotamia, who built the city of Ur, and the ancient Egyptians, who are famous for the pyramids near the city of Giza and the royal sepulchres (tombs) of the Valley of the Kings at Thebes. 43. ___________
Archaeological research spans the entire development of phenomena that are unique to humans. For instance, archaeology tells the story of when people learned to bury their dead and developed beliefs in an afterlife. Sites containing signs of the first simple but purposeful burials in graves date to as early as 40,000 years ago in Europe and Southwest Asia. By the time people lived in civilizations, burials and funeral ceremonies had become extremely important and elaborate rituals.
44. ___________
Archaeology also examines more recent historical periods. Some archaeologists work with historians to study American colonial life, for example. They have learned such diverse information as how the earliest colonial settlers in Jamestown, Virginia, traded glass beads for food with native Algonquian peoples; how the lives of slaves on plantations reflected their roots in Africa; and how the first major cities in the United States developed. 45. ___________www.shanpow.com_考研新题型,模拟题及答案。
［A］ For example, the Moche lords of Sipán in coastal Peru were buried in about AD 400 in fine cotton dress and with exquisite ornaments of bead, gold, and silver. Few burials rival their lavish sepulchres. Being able to trace the development of such rituals over thousands of years has added to our understanding of the development of human intellect and spirit.
［B］ By 40,000 years ago people could be found hunting and gathering food across most of the regions of Africa. Populations in different regions employed various technological developments in adapting to their different environments and climates.
［C］ Archaeological studies have also provided much information about the people who first arrived in the Americas over 12,000 years ago.
［D］ The first fossil records of vascular plants—that is, land plants with tissue that carries food—appeared in the Silurian period. They were simple plants that had not developed separate stems and leaves.
［E］ Laetoli even reveals footprints of humans from 3.6 million years ago. Some sites also contain evidence of the earliest use of simple tools. Archaeologists have also recorded how primitive forms of humans spread out of Africa into Asia about 1.8 million years ago, then into Europe about 900,000 years ago.
［F］ One research project involves the study of garbage in present-day cities across the United States. This garbage is the modern equivalent of the remains found in the archaeological record.
考研新题型,模拟题及答案【三】:2015年考研英语新题型模拟题(1)
2015年考研英语新题型模拟题（1）
2015年全国硕士研究生统一入学考试将于2014年12月27日至28日进行，以下是2015年考研英语新题型练习题：
PART B.
Directions： In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41—45, choose the most suitable one from the list A—G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.
Gene therapy could be given in advance to protect high-risk patients from the consequences of suffering a stroke or heart attack, suggests a new study. A team of researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston, US, and Queen's University in Ontario, Canada, have shown that animals equipped with an extra gene can survive simulated heart attacks virtually undamaged. 41_______________________________________.
Strokes and heart attacks occur when blockages in the arteries supplying the brain or heart muscles cut off the supply of blood to tissues. The resulting lack of oxygen kills cells, often leaving people with permanent damage, if they survive. Cells do have ways of protecting themselves when oxygen levels are low. They switch on the genes for a number of protective proteins, including heme oxygenase-1.But the researchers found that it takes 12 hours or more for cells to produce high levels of HO-1, by which time it is too late.
42____________________________________. The HO-1 protein produced by the gene is identical to the natural human protein. The difference is that the added gene has multiple copies of the switch, or promoter sequence, that turns on protein production.
43_____________________________________. Experiments in the lab show that cells with the extra gene produce high levels of HO-1 within an hour of oxygen levels plummeting. Next, the team injected the virus into the heart, liver or muscle tissue of rats and then cut off the blood supply to these tissues for up to an hour.The level of protection was dramatic,says team member Victor Dzau, now at Duke University in North Carolina. More recent tests show the approach can also protect brain cells, he told New Scientist.
44____________________________________________. But the trouble with this approach is that there is only a narrow window of time when these drugs can make a difference.
45.__________________________________________________.
The researchers believe the approach has broad applications. Besides people who have a high risk of having a stroke or heart attack, the therapy could also help patients with injuries, shock or bacterial infections, which can reduce the blood supply to some tissue or organs, they point out. It could also be given to patients prior to complicated operations. If necessary, more genes could be added to the virus to provide even better protection.
[A] The extra gene makes no difference normally, but when oxygen levels fall, more HO-1 is produced more quickly.
[B] There are already drugs that can be given to patients who suffer heart attacks or strokes to help reduce cell death.
[C]The gene switches on quickly in conditions of low oxygen and saves cells from death.
[D] Then the extra gene can save the high-risk patients from a stroke or heart attack.
[E] If cells could be coaxed to produce more HO-1 faster, the researchers reasoned, the cells might be saved during a stroke or heart attack. So they modified an adeno-associated virus to deliver an extra HO-1 gene to cells.
[F] The team now plans to test the gene therapy on larger animals such as pigs.We are convinced this strategy is going to be effective,says Dzau.
[G] By the time people reach a hospital and are diagnosed, it is often too late. Giving high-risk patients gene therapy in advance, by contrast, would ensure that the protective mechanism kicks in as soon as it is needed.www.shanpow.com_考研新题型,模拟题及答案。
41-45 C A E B G
考研新题型,模拟题及答案【四】:2016考研英语二新题型真题答案及解析
2016英语二新题型答案及解析
2015年12月26日下午进行了研究生英语考试，文都教育的老师也紧张地在这最后的关头都为大家呐喊助威。今天我们与大家同在，祝福大家考试顺利，金榜题名。
下面是2016英语二新题型答案及解析：(此类型属于小标题选择型) Directions:
Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each of the numbered paragraphs(41-45).There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.
[A]Be silly
[B]Have fun
[C]Express your emotions
[D]Don’t overthink it
[E]Be easily pleased
[F]Notice things
[G]Ask for help
As adults,it seems that we are constantly pursuing happiness,often with mixed results.Yet children appear to have it down to an art-and for the most part they don’t need self-help books or therapy.instead,they look after their wellbeing instinctively,and usually more effectively than we do as grownups.Perhaps it’s time to learn a few lessons from them.
41._______C_______
What does a child do when he’s sad?He cries.When he’s angry?He shouts.Scared?Probably a bit of both.As we grow up,we learn to control our emotions so they are manageable and don’t dictate our
behaviours,which is in many ways a good thing.But too often we take this process too far and end up suppressing emotions,especially
negative ones.that’s about as effective as brushing dirt under a carpet and can even make us ill.What we need to do is find a way to
acknowledge and express what we feel appropriately,and then-again.like children-move.
42.______E_______
A couple of Christmases ago,my youngest stepdaughter,who was nine years old at the time ,got a Superman T-shirt for Christmas.It cost less than a fiver but she was overjoyed,and couldn’t stop talking about it.Too often we believe that a new job,bigger house or better car will be the magic silver bullet that will allow us to finally be content,but the reality is these things have very little lasting impact on our happiness levels.instead,being grateful for small things every day is a much better way to improve wellbeing.
43._________A_____________
Have you ever noticed how much children laugh?If we adults could indulge in a bit of silliness and giggling,we would reduce the stress hormones in our bodies increase good hormones like
endorphins,improve blood flow to our hearts and even have a greater chance of fighting off enfection.All of which,of course,have a positive effect on happiness levels.
44.________B___________
The problem with being a grown up is that there’s an awful lot of serious stuff to deal with-work,mortgage payments,figuring out what to cook for dinner.But as adults we also have the luxury of being able to control our own diaries and it’s important that we schedule in time to
enjoy the things we love.Those things might be social,sporting,creative or completely random(dancing aroud the living room,anyone?)——it doesn’t matter,so long as they’re enjoyable, and not likely to have negative side effects,such as drinking too much alcohol or going on a wild spending spree if you’re on a tight budget.
45.________D___________
Having said all of the above,it’s important to add that we shouldn’t try too hard to be happy.Scientists tell us this can backfire and actually have a negative impact on our wellbeing. As the Chinese philosopher Chuang Tzu is reported to have said:“Happiness is the absence of striving for happiness.”And in that,once more,we need to look to the example of our children,to whom happiness is not a goal but a natural by product of the way they live.
解析：本文主要讲的是成年人不断追求幸福，但是结果往往是不清楚。然而孩子们却有着幸福的结果，我们要像孩子们学习。
41.答案选C。该段由孩子们对伤心、生气和恐惧的表现来说明要我们要表达情感。该段中control our emotions ， suppressing emotions和express what we feel都是对选项C意思的表达。故而选C。
42.答案选E。该段主要讲要对小事心存感激，这样也可以提升幸福感。段落中being grateful和选项E中Be easily pleased是同义替换，故选E。
43.答案选A。该段主要讲留意孩子们的笑声，我们大人也要学会傻傻的笑，这样也可以提升幸福的水平。段落中a bit of silliness 和选项E中Be silly，故选A。
44.答案选B。该段主要讲成人们有太多的事情要去处理，而我们要学会去享受我们所爱的事情。段落中enjoy the things we love.和enjoyable,选项B中]Be easily pleased是同义替换，故选B。
45.答案选D。该段主要讲我们不应该过度追求幸福。段落中答案选B。该段主要讲成人们有太多的事情要去处理，而我们要学会去享受我们所爱的事情。段落中we shouldn’t try too hard to be happy.和 happiness is not a goal but a natural by product of the way they live.和选项D中Don’t overthink it是同义替换，故选D。
