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(1) [中国第五代战机]中国第五代战机？
最近几天，中国的军事论坛泄漏出几张模糊的战斗机照片，《连线》的“Danger Room”称，它可能是流传已久的成飞J-20战斗机。
飞机的外形采用鸭翼+尖拱型边条+升力体+可调式DSI进气道+全差动V尾，J-20战斗机似乎结合了美国F-22战斗机的正面机身和俄罗斯T-50隐身战斗机原型的后半部分。五角大楼尚未有机会对照片发表评论，但国防部长罗伯特盖茨曾经声称，中国在2020年前不可能有第五代战斗机。但即便J-20照片是真的，美国也无需多担心，它的第一代隐身战斗机原型YF-22和YF-23在1990年代已经试飞，而J-20还没有正式飞上蓝天。
连线文章还打趣说，PhotoShop软件的运用是中国军事论坛的一大特色，这里充斥着诸如此类的“艺术作品”。当然，传闻的产生有其物质基础，那就是中国军方一直没有否认他们开发第五代战机的意图。
Is This China’s First Stealth Fighter?
By David Axe
December 27, 2010 |
12:01 am |
They could be the products of a Chinese government misinformation campaign. They could be clever Photoshop jobs by Chinese aviation fanboys. Or they could be the real thing: the first hard evidence of the long-rumored Chengdu J-20, China’s first stealth-fighter prototype.
The above photo and several others surfaced over the Christmas weekend on Chinese Internet forums, catching the eye of Aviation Week fighter guru Bill Sweetman. Sweetman, a noted skeptic in the sometimes enthusiastic world of fast-jet journalism, stressed that the pics might be fakes. Fantastical Photoshop art is a hallmark of Chinese military-themed Websites. See the giant, flying “heli-carrier,” or the submarine flattop — both creations of over-excited Chinese Photoshoppers.
But there are hints that the J-20 photos are for real — and that much clearer shots exist, somewhere. “Rumor has it that better shots have put in transient appearances on Chinese Websites before being zapped by the censor,” Sweetman wrote. That those rumored photos were yanked is itself perhaps proof that Beijing really does have a new fighter. “In China’s military fan Web culture, the rapid intervention of the censors is always a boost for the credibility of the poster,” aviation journalist Rick Fisher told Sweetman.
Most convincingly, the airplane depicted in the snapshots apparently has many of the right characteristics for a fifth-generation stealth-fighter prototype: a chiseled front-section, triangular wings, all-moving tailplanes. In fact, the supposed J-20 seems to combine the front fuselage of the U.S. Air Force’s F-22 with the back half of Russia’s T-50 stealth prototype, which appeared a little less than a year ago.
If it’s real — and that’s a big if — the J-20’s appearance could signal a big step forward for the Chinese air force, which to date relies mostly on airplanes bought from Russia or reverse-engineered from Russian or Israeli designs. Panicky Western air-power advocates, who a year ago claimed America would be “less safe” if the Pentagon pressed forward with plans to end production of the F-22 stealth fighter at 187 copies, might just announce the end of America’s 50-year dominance of the skies. Alarmists made similar claims when the Russia’s new T-50 fighter first flew, despite that plane’s many non-stealthy attributes and dubious production prospects.
The Pentagon hasn’t had a chance to comment on the J-20 photos, but is likely to remain sanguine. In deliberations over the F-22, Secretary of Defense Robert Gates acknowledged that the Chinese were working on a stealth fighter, but insisted the Communist country would have “no fifth-generation aircraft by 2020,” while the U.S. would have more than a thousand F-22s and F-35s. In the year-and-a-half sinceGates made that claim, the Pentagon has delayed F-35 production and China has apparently accelerated its own stealth development — alleged J-20 photos aside — but the spirit of Gates’ assertion remains valid.
Even if the photos are real and the J-20 exists as more than blueprints, there’s probably no cause for alarm. The U.S. flew its first stealth prototypes — the YF-22 and rival YF-23 — in 1990; the J-20 hasn’t even flown yet. It took 15 years for the F-22 to enter front-line service; considering China’s quality-control problems with high technology, it could take a decade or more for the J-20 to appear in numbers that make any difference in the Pacific balance of power. Gates might have been slightly off in his assessment of the Chinese air force, but probably not by much.
And that’s all assuming Beijing’s Christmas stealth-fighter surprise isn’t all just Photoshop magic. With so little good information on military hardware coming out of China, fighter fakery is a real prospect. In which case, we’ll keep waiting for China’s first stealth fighter to make its true debut.
(2) [中国第五代战机]全球十大最强五代战机：中国排名惊人惊动世界
据美国军事工厂(Military-Factory)网站报道，第五代战斗机是目前世界最先进的一代战斗机。其性能特点一般可用4S来概括：超音速巡航(Supercruise)、高度隐形(Stealth)、超级机动性(Super-maneuverability)与超级信息优势(Superior Avionics for Battle Awareness and Effectiveness)。目前，已经开始服役的第五代战斗机，仅有美国生产的F-22“猛禽”战斗机。本文列举了世界已知的第五代战斗机。
第一位：F-22“猛禽”
F-22“猛禽”
2011年12月，第195架也是最后一架F-22上线。
第二位：F-35“闪电Ⅱ”
F-35“闪电Ⅱ”是美国第五代战斗机，采用“经济型”模块，结合新型隐身技术和先进的计算机处理系统。该机有3种主要衍生型号：采用传统跑道起降的F-35A型，短距离起降/垂直起降机种F-35B型，作为航空母舰舰载机的F-35C型。
F-35“闪电Ⅱ”
F-35“闪电Ⅱ”
F-35“闪电Ⅱ”于2006年12月15日实现首飞，预计将于2016年正式服役。
第三位：T-50
T-50是一款由俄罗斯PAK-FA(“未来前线战斗机系统”)计划下研制出的多用途第五代战斗机。T-50的隐身性能比美国的F-22低，以换取比F-22更高的机动性。该机于2010年1月29日进行了首次试飞，并于2011年在莫斯科国际航空航天展上公开亮相。随着T-50的推出，俄罗斯打破美国独占第五代战斗机的局面，成为“第五代俱乐部”第二位成员。
T-50
T-50预计将于2016年开始服役。
第四位：J-20(歼20)
J-20(歼20)是中国研制的第五代重型隐形战斗机。该机结合了最新的中国超音速巡航、机动性、短距起降和隐身技术。尽管J-20采用了传统战斗机的布局，但值得一提的是，其在机身尺寸上要大于美国的F-22和俄罗斯的T-50，或许可提供更大的内部空间。
J-20(歼20)
J-20于2011年1月11日实现首次试飞，预计将在2017-2019年间达到作战状态。
第五位：J-31(歼31)
J-31是中国正在研制中的双发单座中型第五代战斗机。J-31外观具有典型的隐形战机特征，整体尺寸类似于F-35“闪电Ⅱ”，一部分观察家描述J-31为“双引擎的F-35C”，并猜测J-31有可能衍生可用于中国航空母舰上的舰载机。
J-31(歼31)
J-31于2012年10月31日完成首次飞行测试，服役时间尚未正式确定。
第六位：KF-X
KF-X是由韩国(主导)和印度尼西亚(合作伙伴)联合研制的第五代战斗机，目前处于研制阶段。
KF-X
KF-X预计将在2021年之后实现首飞。
第七位：ATD-X“心神”
ATD-X“心神”是日本目前正在研发中的第五代战斗机。其模型机于2005年首次亮相，原型机的制造预订在2010年开始，预计2014年首飞。
ATD-X“心神”
ATD-X“心神”
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(3) [中国第五代战机]中国空军第五代战机
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