【www.shanpow.com--初中作文】
【一】:初中英语八种时态标志词及基本构成集锦
初中英语八种时态的常用标志词
1.一般现在时态:
often, usually, always, every day/week/month/year, sometimes, seldom,once a week, twice a week, on Sundays等。 2.一般过去时态:
yesterday, the day before yesterday(前天)last week(month ,year),two months ago, in 1990, in those days , long long ago=once upon a time just now(刚才) at the age of 5 3.现在进行时态:
now, at the moment. It’s four o’clock . nowadays, Look,... Listen, ... 4.过去进行时态:
this/that time yesterday, at that moment at eight o’clock last night, from8 to 10 yesterday morning, when, while 等引导的时间状语从句等。 5.一般将来时态
(1) tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, tomorrow morning (2) next time, next Friday, next term, next month(3) in +一段时间;in +一段时间 ' s + time(4) soon = right away = at once (5) by the end of + 将来时间(6)later (on) ; in the future 6.过去将来时态
(1)the next time/ Friday/ term/ month (2)the following month (week…)(3)主句为过去时,宾语从句中原来的一般将来时要转换成过去将来时态。 7.现在完成时态
(1) already, yet, ever, never, just, before, recently, lately , once(twice..)
so far,, in / during the past / last + 一段时间 (2) for + 一段时间, since + 过去某一时 间 ; since + last…; since + 一段时间 + ago, since +从句. 8.过去完成时态
by the time (of), by the end of + 过去时间 when. before. after…+过去时间up till then (直到那时); up until last night(直到昨晚)。常常用在主句是过去时的宾语从句中(现在完成时态要调整为过去完成时态)
初中英语八种时态基本结构
一、一般现在时:
基本结构:①主语 + be动词 + 其他;②主语 + 行为动词 + 其他
否定形式:①主语 + am/is/are + not + 其他;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句:①把be动词放于句首;②用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时还原行为动词。 二、一般过去时:
基本结构:①主语 + be动词 + 其他;②主语 + 行为动词 + 其他
否定形式:①主语 + was/were + not + 其他;②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。
一般疑问句:①was或were放于句首;②用助动词do的过去式did 提问,同时还原行为动词。 三、现在进行时:
基本结构:主语 + am/is/are + doing + 其他.
否定形式:主语 + am/is/are + not + doing + 其他.
一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首。 四、过去进行时:
基本结构:主语 + was/were + doing + 其他.
否定形式:主语 + was/were + not + doing + 其他. 一般疑问句:把was或were放于句首。 五、一般将来时: 基本结构:①主语 + am/is/are/going to + do + 其他;②主语 + will/shall + do + 其他. 否定形式:①主语 + am/ia/are + not + going to + do + 其他; ②主语 + will/shall + not + do + 其他. 一般疑问句:①be放于句首;②will/shall提到句首。 六、过去将来时:
基本结构:①主语 + was/were/going to + do + 其他;②主语 + would/should + do + 其他. 否定形式:①主语 + was/were + not + going to + do + 其他;②主语 + would/should + not + do + 其他.
一般疑问句:①was或were放于句首;②would/should 提到句首。 七、现在完成时:www.shanpow.com_初三八种时态结构。
基本结构:主语 + have/has + done + 其他. 否定形式:主语 + have/has + not +done + 其他. 一般疑问句:have或has放于句首。 八、过去完成时:
基本结构:主语 + had + done + 其他. 否定形式:主语 + had + not + done + 其他. 一般疑问句:had放于句首。
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【二】:八种时态结构表
八种时态结构表
表前经典说明:
时态中的“时”字指的就是时间,因此可以这样说英语中时间决定时态即时间不同时态也就不同,因此英语中判断时态时一定要看上下文的时间状语。英语用谓语动词来体现时态,将谓语动词按照一定的结构进行不同的变化时态也就出来了,谓语就是在句子中表明谁做
表后说明:现在将来时即一般将来时。 例句说明:
1. 一般现在时:He goes to school every day.(经常性动作) I don’t like to talk with him(否定形式) He is very happy.(现在的状态)
The earth moves around the sun.(真理)
I will be a teacher when I grow up (时间状语从句)
If you come this afternoon,we' ll have a meeting(条件状语从句)
We’ll have a picnic if it doesn’t rain tomorrow (条件状语从句)(否定形式) The train starts at nine in the morning(按计划、规定要发生的动作) 2. 一般过去时:He saw Mr Wang yesterday(过去某时间发生的事)
I didn’t watch the football match yesterday(过去某时间发生的事)(否定形式) I used to smoke(我过去吸烟现在不吸了) I am used to the climate here. (习惯于) He is used to swimming in winter(习惯于) 3.现在进行时:What are you doing? I’m watching the Olympic games on TV
He is not walking in the park now(否定形式)
4.过去进行时:In 1980 he was studying in a university. He was reading a novel when I came in
He is not reading when the teacher came in (否定形式)
5.现在将来时:We are going to have a meeting today(打算) He will help his mother cook
I won’t tell him this bad news(否定形式)
I’m not going to join them tomorrow(打算)(否定形式)
I’m leaving for Beijing today(进行时态表示按计划即将发生的动作) The meeting starts at five o’clock. (一般现在时表示将来) 6.过去将来时:They were sure that they would succeed I knew he would not come today(否定形式)
7.现在完成时:He has gone to Fuzhou. (对现在的影响:说话人认为他不在该地) He has been to Fuzhou.(对现在的影响:说话人认为他在该地) He has studied English for 5 years.
He has studied English since 1985. Now I have finished the work
She hasn’t found his notebook(否定形式) I haven’t seen him for a long time(否定形式)
8.过去完成时:By the end of last year we had built five new houses. (过去的过去) I had learnt 5000 words before I entered the university
Before he slept,he had worked for 12 hours(过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间或持续下去) 注意事项:
1.复合不定代词(16个):someone somebody somewhere something anyone anybody anywhere anything everyone everybody everything everywhere nobody nothing no one nowhere 2.时间点、时间段、时间刻
时间段:一段时间,如:five days six month 时间刻:具体的几点几分,如:6:32 7:00
时间点:除了时间段、时间刻以外都是时间点,如:yesterday tomorrow 过去时间点前无since时与直接与一般过去时连用,如:He went to Shenyang on business last month
时间段与持续性动词连用(若为否定句则可以不用持续性动词),构成时间段的两种方式:for+时间段与since+过去时间/一般过去时句子,since结构:A.现在完成时+since+过去时间/一般过去时句子,B.It is/has been +时间段 since一般过去时句子,如:He has worked in this factory for two years We haven’t seen each other since last year It is two years since we met last year
时间刻多与进行时连用,如:I was playing the piano at 6:00 yesterday 3.短暂性动词与持续性动词
短暂性动词是指不可以持续很长时间的动作,如:buy 买这个动作在顾客交了钱,售货员把货递给顾客,买的动作就结束了,买的动作不可能持续很长时间,因此buy就是一个短暂性动词;持续性动词正好与之相反是指可以持续很长时间的动作,多为状态动词,如:have 拥有这个动作就可以存在于从你得到某物到你失去该物之间的一段时间里,因此have就是一个持续性动词,短暂性动词不可与时间段连用(否定句除外),持续性动词可与时间段连用,没有时间段时不可乱用持续性动词。当给一个含有短暂性动词配一个含有时间段的时间状语后可用一个适当的持续性动词来换该短暂性动词,如:I bought this pencil case two days ago 变为 I have had this pencil case for two days 当配上了for two days 后就得将bought换成 have因为用完成时故改为had,常见短暂性动词变持续性动词一览: begin/start-----be on
arrive/come-----be here/be in buy---have die----be dead
finish/end----be over get to know----know get up----be up go out----be out
join---be in+组织名/be a +组织成员名 如:army军队----soldier士兵www.shanpow.com_初三八种时态结构。
leave/move----be away/be out of borrow----keep become----be
4.In+时间段用法:in+时间段在将来时态中表时间段以后,如:I will come back in two days.(两天后)
5.have/has been to+地点 have/has gone to+地点 have/has been in +地点 区别用法: have/has been to+地点 表“曾经去过”可与ever never 及表次数的词如:once一次twice两次 three times三次连用,如:He has ever been to Shanghai twice. have/has gone to+地点 表“已经去了不在说话地点”,如:Where’s Mr. Liu? He has gone to Beijing
have/has been in +地点 表“在某地呆着”可与时间段连用,如:He has been in our school for three years
6.when 做“什么时候”讲时不与完成时连用,如:When did you come here? Yesterday 7.when(当…时候)与if(如果)
现在将来时/祈使句/含情态动词的句子+when+一般现在时 主句 从句 现在将来时/祈使句/含情态动词的句子+if +一般现在时 主句 从句 精品练习:
1.(2007,北京)I _____ the CDs to you if I have time tomorrow A.will return B. returned C.have returned D. return 2.(2007,北京) What did you do after school yesterday? I ______ basketball with my friends
A.play B.played C.will play D. am playing 3.(2007,鸡西)Nancy;, where is Mr.Read?
He______ the library. He will come back in half an hour A.has been to B.has gone to C. has been in 4.(2007,济南)How long have you _______?
A. borrowed the book B.bought the bike C.been back D. receive the letter 5.(2007,成都) Jane _______ . I’m writing for her
A. came back B. has come back C.hasn’t come back
6.(2007,浙江) Please remember to say goodbye to Mr. Smith when you ______ tomorrow. A. leave B. will leave C.left D.have left
7.(2007,河北)I’ll do it better if the teacher _______ me another chance. A. give B. gives C.gave D.will give
8.(2007,河北) When I went to say good bye to Anna, she _______ the piano A.is playing B.plays C.was playing D.played
9.(2007,河北)Henry speaks Chinese very well. He ______ in China since 2002. A. stays B. stayed C. is staying D.has stayed
10(2007,辽宁)Tom ______ in China now. He calls his parents once a week A. is studying B.will study C.has studied D.studied
11.(2007,重庆课改) You are really beautiful in that blue dress. Is it new? No. I _____ it for a year.
A.gives B. was giving C. is giving D. has given
【三】:初二英语下册复习知识点
做好每一个知识点的复习,会让你在考试中取得好成绩。下面是小编收集整理的初二英语下册复习知识点以供大家学习。
初二英语下册复习知识点(一)
Will people have robots?
重点语法:一般将来时态的应用
do/does 的一般将来时态形式:(shall/will) do
do/does 的一般将来时态的被动语态:(shall/will) be done
一般将来时态的肯定句、否定句、疑问句形式:
肯定句例句:People will have robots in a few years.
否定句例句:People (will not/won't) have robots in a few years.
一般疑问句例句:Will people have robots in a few years?
特殊疑问句例句:What will people have in a few years?
重点短语:won't = will not
they'll = they will
she'll = she will
www.shanpow.com_初三八种时态结构。 he'll = he will
I'll = I will
fall in love with(sb./sth.) 爱上(某人/某物)
be able to do sth. 能够做某事
come true 实现
in the future 未来
hundreds of 数以百计的
thousands of 数以千计的
look for(sb./sth.) 寻找(某人/某物)
will → would 情态动词 will 的原形和过去式
may → might 情态动词 may 的原形和过去式
Reading Strategy(阅读方法)
Look at the title and picture, and predict what you will read about. (看着标题和图片,预知你要阅读那些方面的内容。)This helps you get ready to acquire new information. (这样可以帮助你获得一些新的信息。)
初二英语下册复习知识点(二)
He said I was hard-working.
重点语法:宾语从句
结构:主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语从句(主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语/表语)
例句:----I'm good at English. He says. (改为加宾语从句的复合句)
----He says I'm good at English.
注意:①主句是一般现在时态,宾语从句的时态不受其影响。
例句:He says I'm good at English now.
He says I was good at mathematics when I was young.
②主句是过去时态,宾语从句也要用过去时态。
例句:He said I was good at mathematics when I was young yesterday.
He said I was good at English now yesterday.
③宾语从句是客观真理时永远用一般现在时态。
例句:Our teacher says 24 hours make a day.
Our teacher said the sun gives us so many energy yesterday.
④动词原形不能作主语,必须用其 -ing 形式。
例句:She said helping others changed her life.
重点短语:direct speech 直接引语
reported speech = indirect speech 间接引语
first of all = at first 首先
pass on 传递
be supposed to do sth. 应该做某事
be good at = do well in 在某方面做得好
in good health 身体健康
get over 克服
open up 打开
care for = take care of = look after 照料;照顾
not any more = not any longer = no longer 不再
have a cold 感冒
end-of-year exam 年终考试
get nervous 变得紧张
forget to do sth. 忘记做某事(该事未做)
forget doing sth. 忘记做某事(该事已做)
it's + adj. + [for sb.] + to do sth. 做某事[对某人来说]……(加形容词)
context 上下文
Reading Strategy(阅读方法)
First read for meaning, not for detail. (首先理解文段的大致意思,不在于文段的细节部分。)
You can understand the meaning of a word you don't know from the context. (至于不懂的单词,你可以通过上下文来寻找它的正确释义。)
初二英语下册复习知识点(三)
If you go to the party,you'll have a great time!
重点语法:if 引导的条件状语从句
结构:主句 + if + 条件状语从句
if + 条件状语从句 + [(comma)] + 主句
注意:在 if 引导的条件状语从句中,主句应用将来时态,状语从句用一般现在时态。
例句:You'll have a great time if you go to the party.
=If you go to the party, you'll have a great time.
重点短语:take away 拿走
around the world = all over the world 在世界各地
make a living 谋生
all the time = always 一直
What's the problem? = What's the matter? = What's wrong? 怎么了?
in order to do sth. 为了做某事
make sb. do sth. 使得某人做某事(to 省略,该结构是一个不带 to 的不定式。)
make sb. adj. 使得某人……(加形容词)
make sb. done 使得某人被做
be famous for 为……而出名
be famous as 作为……而出名
in class 在课堂上
spend …(time/money) on sth. = spend …(time/money) in doing sth. 花……(时间/钱)用于做某事
see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事(强调整个过程)
see sb. doing sth. 看见某人做某事(强调偶然性)
say → said → said 动词 say 的原形、过去式和过去分词
tell → told → told 动词 tell 的原形、过去式和过去分词
eat → ate → eaten 动词 eat 的原形、过去式和过去分词
speak → spoke → spoken 动词 speak 的原形、过去式和过去分词
【四】:英语一般过去时讲解
摘要:一般过去时表示过去某一时候或某一段时间所发生了的事情或存在的状态。有些动词的过去时,如:expect, hope, intend, plan, wanted 等一般过去时,后接不定式的完成时;或它们的过去完成时接不定式的一般式,都可表示过去未曾实现的意图、打算或希望。
英语一般过去时讲解
一、一般过去时的定义
一般过去时表示过去某一时候或某一段时间所发生了的事情或存在的状态。常与过去时间yesterday, this morning, just now, a moment ago, in May, last night / year / week, once upon a time, the other day, in the past 等连用。如:
What did you do yesterday? 昨天你干了什么?
I met Lin Tao this morning. 今天上午我会到了林涛。
I was there a moment ago. 刚才我在那儿。
二、一般过去时的应用
1. 一般过去时表示过去
(1) 表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态:
He bought the computer five years ago. 这电脑是他五年前买的。
It was then a small fishing village.那时它只是一个小渔村。
(2) 表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作:
We often played together when we were children.我们小时候常在一起玩。
注:表过去习惯性的动词,也可用used to或would:
He used to go to work by bus. 他过去常乘公共汽车去上班。
2. 一般过去时表示现在
(1) 在宾语从句中,由于时态呼应的关系,可用一般过去时表示现在:
I didn’t know you were here. 我不知道你在这儿。(were实际上指现在)
I didn’t know you were so busy.我没想到你这么忙。(were实际上指现在)
(2) 表示客气委婉的现在
I wondered if you were free this evening. 不知您今晚是否有空。
I thought you might like some flowers. 我想您也许想要些花。
注:能这样有的动词主要限于want, wonder, think, hope, intend等少数动词。
(3) 用于某些特殊结构中表示现在
It’s time we started. 我们该动身了。
I wish I knew his him. 要是我知道他的名字就好了。
I’d rather you lived closer to us. 我希望你能住得离我们近点。
注:该用法主要用于it’s time, I wish, I’d rather, if only, as if, as though 等少数结构后接从句的情形,其中有些结构后面的句子还可用一般过去时表示将来:
I’d rather you come next Monday. 我宁愿你下周星期一来。
另外表主观想法的虚拟条件句也用一般过去时表示现在:
If I had the money now I’d buy a car. 假若我现在有钱,我就买辆小汽车。(from
三、一般过去时对谓语动词的要求
一般过去时的谓语动词要用动词的过去式。动词过去式的构成分规则变化和不规则变化两种形式,不规则变化通常需要逐个记忆,规则变化则遵循以下原则:
(1) 一般在动词后加-ed。如:play—played, offer—offered, weigh—weighed, destroy— destroyed, sign—signed.
(2) 在以字母e结尾的动词后,只加-d。如:like—liked, provide—provided, hate — hated, date—dated。
(3) 在以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词后,则改y为i,再加—ed。如:supply—supplied, fly—flied, study— studied. (from
(4) 在以单短元音的重读闭音节结尾且,末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词后,双写最后一个辅音字母,再加-ed。如:plan—planned, refer—referred, regret—regretted, ban—banned.
四、特别说明
有些动词的过去时,如:expect, hope, intend, plan, wanted 等一般过去时,后接不定式的完成时;或它们的过去完成时接不定式的一般式,都可表示过去未曾实现的意图、打算或希望。如:
I hoped to have been invited to his wedding party. —I had hoped to be invited to his wedding ceremony. 我本希望他来邀请我参加他的婚礼。
I intended to have joined their games. —I had intended to join their games. 我本打算参加他们的比赛。
五、典型考题(附详解)
1. Helen ______ her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband ______ home.
A. has left; comes B. left; had come C. had left; came D. had left; would come
解析:答案选 C。leave 应发生在 had to wait 这个过去动作之前,“过去的过去”用过去完成时; 后一空用一般过去时表示过去将来。
2. — Nancy is not coming tonight.
—But she ______!
A. promises B. promised C. will promise D. had promised
解析:答案选 B。“但她曾经答应要来的”,过去的许诺,故用一般过去时。
3. —You haven’t said a word about my new coat, Brenda. Do you like it?
—I’m sorry I ______ anything about it sooner. I certainly think it’s pretty on you.
A. wasn’t saying B. don’t say C. won’t say D. didn’t say
解析:答案选 D。用一般过去时,指“我刚才没急于说”。
4. All morning as she waited for the medical report from the doctor, her nervousness ______.
A. has grown B. is growing C. grew D. had grown
解析:答案选 C。紧张伴随等的过程而产生,应同时发生,waited 是一般过去时,grow 也用一般过去时。
5. I thought Jim would say something about his school report, but he ______ it.
A. doesn’t mention B. hadn’t mentioned C. didn’t mention D. hasn’t mentioned
解析:答案选 C。只描述过去所发生的情况,但没有强调对现在的影响,用一般过去时。
6. I ______ while reading the English textbook. Luckily, my roommate woke me up in time!
A. had fallen asleep B. have fallen asleep C. fell asleep D. fall asleep
解析:答案选 C。描写过去发生的情况用一般过去时。
7. Sales of CDs have greatly increased since the early 1990s, when people ______ to enjoy the advantages of this new technology.
A. begin B. began C. have begun D. had begun
解析:答案选 B。when引导的是一个非限制性定语从句,when指20世纪90年代初,当然用一般过去时。
8. —I hear Jane has gone to the Holy Island for her holiday.
—Oh, how nice! Do you know when she ______?
A. was leaving B. had left C. has left D. left
解析:答案选 D。因为Jane已经度假去了,“离开”此地就当然是在此之前的过去某个时间了,所以用一般过去时,选D。另外,when通常都不与完成时连用,排除B和C,A也与语境不符。
9. I ______ you not to move my dictionary—-now I can’t find it.
A. asked B. ask C. was asking D. had asked
解析:答案选 A。由now可知前句的意思是:我曾经叫你不要搬动我的词典的 (你偏不听)。“叫”是在过去发生的动作,用一般过去时。
10. The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, ______ visiting a museum when the earthquake struck.
A. was B. were C. had been D. would be
解析:答案选 A。由when the earthquake struck可知,要用一般过去时,排除C和D; 又因为主语是单数the teacher,所以只有A正确。
11. The discussion ____ alive when an interesting topic was brought in.
A. was coming B. had come C. has come D. came
解析:答案选 D。由when…was brought in可知,come也是过去发生的事,用一般过去时。句意是:当引入一个有趣的话题时,那场讨论又变得活跃起来。
12. She ______her hairstyle in her hometown before she came to Chongqing for a better job.
A. would change B. has changed C. changed D. was changing
解析:答案选 C。由came可知,她已来重庆了,而改变发型是在来重庆之前,即过去的过去,按理要用过去完成时,但before已经表明紧接着发生的先后两个动作,所以也可用一般过去时,所以选C。
13. What we used to think ______ impossible now does seem possible.
A. is B. was C. has been D. will be
解析:答案选 B。根据句中的used to可知,空格处应填一般过去时。句意为:我们过去认为不可能的现在都似乎有可能成为现实。
14. It is said that the early European playing-cards ______ for entertainment and education.
A. were being designed B. have designed
C. have been designed D. were designed
解析:答案选 D。解答此题的关键是要抓住early这一形容词。early European playing-cards的意思是“早期欧洲人玩的扑克牌”,既然是“早期”,肯定就是过去的事了,所以用一般过去时。
15. I ______ in London for many years, but I’ve never regretted my final decision to move back to China.(
A. lived B. was living C. have lived D. had lived
解析:答案选 A。许多同学一看到后面的have never regretted为现在完成时,同时选项C也是现在完成时,结果滥用时态呼应,将答案误选C。其实,此题的最佳答案是A。句中but后的句子告诉我们,说话者现在已搬回了上海,所以他住在伦敦应属于过去的事情,故应用一般过去时。
16. Eliza remembers everything exactly as if ______ yesterday.
A. was happening B. happens C. has happened D. happened
解析:答案选 D。根据句中的yesterday可知,要用一般过去时。
【五】:初二英语期末复习方法
随着期末的来临,你做好哪些课程的复习准备了?下面是小编收集整理的初二英语期末的复习方法以供大家学习。
初二英语期末复习方法
复习是我们掌握知识的重要环节,是减少遗忘的有效手段。但是,复习仅靠"汗水+时间"是不足取的,必须讲究方式、方法。
第一,要明确复习任务。复习要在巩固所学内容的基础上,进一步深化、提高,真正做到"温故而知新"。鉴于此,我们有必要对复习内容进行分类处理。哪些内容自己已经掌握,仅需点到为止;哪些内容还属一知半解,还需要多下点功夫,要做到心知肚明。这样,才能避免复习时平均用力。
第二,要抓住英语学科的特点。基础知识和基本技能是学习英语的两大重点。基础知识是培养基本技能的载体,而掌握基本技能又是学习基础知识的目的和归宿。因此,在复习过程中,要善于在听、说、读、写等技能的训练中巩固所学的语言知识。如:复习语音时,不妨和听力、口语练习结合起来;复习单词时,要尽可能回顾教材中单词出现的语境,并仿造句子。
第三,要尝试变化复习方式。在复习过程中,有些同学总喜欢要么写单词,要么做题,搞"题海"战术。我建议大家多尝试不同的复习方式,如大家可以相互讨论,同桌之间还可以你问我答,展开比赛。
第四,在复习过程中,一定要"求甚解",尤其是那些以前做错的题目,一定要弄明白为什么出这样或那样的错,以求下次遇到类似问题时不再犯同样的错误。
第五,复习完课本后,大家可以做几套模拟试题,了解考试的命题思路,熟悉各种题型的特点,找出自己知识、技能的缺漏,以便及时进行查漏补缺。另外,做题时可以运用下列应试技巧。
常见应试技巧有下列几个:
养成认真审题的好习惯。研究表明,考试中所犯的错误60%以上是因为审题不严造成的。
充分预习听力题目。在做题之前要仔细审题,要迅速把听力题浏览一遍,了解题目要求、所给的题干及选项内容。在听录音前对所给的内容了解得越细致,所获得的听力效果就越好。
答题要全面。主观题在英语考试中所占的分量越来越大,但不少考生在做此类题目时考虑问题欠全面,往往挂一漏万,造成失分。如动词填空,就要考虑用哪种时态或非谓语动词形式。
卷面要整洁。好多同学会做题,但总是失分,原因何在?许多情况下在于他们的书写不规范,如有的将a写成u,r写成v,g写成y等。还有的在试卷上乱涂乱改,把试卷涂成"大花脸",让阅卷老师不知写的是什么又怎能得分呢?
认真检查试卷。答完题目后,一定要耐心查卷,如姓名、考号是否填完整;有无漏掉的题目;所用单词的形式是否正确等。如果时间充裕,对那些没有把握的题目要仔细推敲,争取在交卷之前找到正确答案。
初中英语期末复习方法推荐:
1、复习课本内容的方法
期末复习工作不仅量大而且繁琐,为了提高复习的针对性和有效性,我们要在明确了大纲和考纲的前提下,确定复习内容,切忌不分主次,不辩缓急,平均施力的做法,而应力求做到内容精要,重点突出,统筹兼顾,疏而不漏,分段集中,环环相扣。期末考试的命题是以《教学大纲》和“英语课本”为基准的,试题中涉及的词汇、句式、语法、语音等都主要来自课本,因此首先我们要重视课本内容的复习,要吃透教材。复习时应该按单元组进行全面认真细致地通读一遍课文,把每一个单元的单词、句子、对话、短文等都真正读懂读透。在此基础上,教师再把杂乱无章的语言点、重点句型、语法帮助学生归纳整理在一起,把单词按词性、读音、意义、同义词、反义词等等分类归纳来记忆。
如:meet/meat; son/sun; right/left; all/ball/call/tall/wall/hall/small; spend/cost/take/pay for等;动词的不规则过去式和过去分词可以按下面的方法来记忆: ①A-A-A式:cut-cut-cut; ②A-B-B式: buy-bought-bought; ③A-B-C式:write-wrote-written; ④A-B-A式::come-came-come ;常用的重点短语词组可以这样来归纳和分类: have fun ,have a good time, enjoy oneself, have a walk, have a rest等; 复习句型时,首先要求学生把课文的原句抄录在笔记本上,然后背诵下来,再通过自己造句掌握和运用他们;再运用“间隔循环阅读”法进行加以巩固。 然后把全班学生按照不同的层次进行分组,确保每一组好、中、差学生搭配组合,要求学生利用早晚读或课余时间进行单词、词组、句型的互背、互问,要求好生每天必须帮助差生完成10个单词及短语的朗读背诵与默写,小组间采取互相竞争的机制,看哪一小组在默写中的均分最高或每天进步的幅度最大。每节课开始先检查学生掌握词汇量情况,检查他们的音形义是否过关,再出相关的练习,最后一起分析讲评,总结解答方法和技巧。语法的复习方法: 英语语法是英语词汇使用,句子构建的规则,是英语的基础。这部分在考试当中单独测试的分值虽然比较小,但任何其它一种题型中都贯穿很多的语法知识,这部分基础如果欠缺,其它的综合能力题也拿不了高分。所以语法不好的学生一定要认真学习语法知识。初中英语每个学期的语法并不多,复习起来比较容易简单。首先把本学期出现的语法项目归纳起来,理解和掌握其概念,结构,用法及特点, 在理解的基础上再通过大量阅读和练习来运用和巩固。通过专项训练,理解各个语法点,并注意培养自己找“点”的能力。 语法既是知识,又是技巧,知识就需要认真学习,技巧就需要反复操练,通过练习而强化。
2、优化练习,查漏补缺
练习是复习过程的重要内容,只有通过练习才能进一步巩固深化所学知识,否则,复习的质量就会受影响。因此,对练习过程的要求也比较高。(1)要科学地安排专项训练(即考试题型)和综合训练,两者应交替进行。对学生已经掌握的知识就不必花太多时间,以确保综合训练的力度。(2)要精心选择练习的内容,针对考试题型,选择历年考试试题,中考试题或者易错题,典型题等,通过练习分析总结和掌握各种题型的答题方法和技巧。(3)要注意练习的层次,在设计练习时要分巩固语音知识的练习,训练语言基本技巧的练习和形成语言基本技能的练习三个层次。(4)要控制练习的难度,不要做超越大纲的练习。(5)在已进入训练的最后阶段,我们应把每一次的练习当作期末考试对待。答题时要合理分配好各大题时间,进行限时答题,每此练习后,要对该次的解答情况进行全方位的总结和反思,好的方面继续发扬,不当之处要及时制定补救措施,这样在不断改善的过程中稳步前进。
3、注意做好学生的心理调试工作
对于自感压力太大的同学耐心地在心里给他“减负”,使其能在平静宽松的氛围中进行有序的复习,较好地完成学习任务;对于没有任何心理压力,还没进入复习状态的同学给予一定的压力,使其在压力之下也能较好地投入到紧张的复习中来;而对于学习困难且心理焦虑烦躁的更要给予特别的关爱,一方面要想方设法抽时间给其开小灶,一方面还要不断地鼓励赏识他们,同时要给他们适当地减压,使他们也能保持较好的情绪投入到紧张复习中,并能尽最大努力取得最好效果。
总之,紧张的复习工作要以学生为主体,一切从实际出发让所有的学生都有不同的进步与提高,顺利完成每一个学期的学习任务。