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新世纪大学英语综合教程1第二版【一】:新世纪大学英语综合教程1 课后答案 第二版 秦秀白 Unit 6 Civility and Go
Unit 6 Civility and Good Manners: Keys to the exercises
Words in Action
2 In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary.
1) The car crash wasn’t an accident; it was a(n) deliberate attempt to kill him!
2) She became cautious when she was led into a(n) deserted side street.
3) The government would be unwise to ignore the growing dissatisfaction with its economic policies.
4) She adjusted her mirror and then edged the car out of its parking bay.
5) After years of neglect , the museum is open to the public again.
6) When marchers gathered on a third day of protest, violence broke out and buildings were burned.
7) Due to the depression, our share of the market has decreased sharply this year.
8) He has a very good memory and can still remember every incident that happened 20 years ago in great detail.
9) Don’t ask me; follow your instincts and do what you think is right.
10) One swing of the axe is enough to fell(砍倒) the tree.
11) She refused to confront the inescapable fact that she would have to sell the house.
12) I was too sleepy to be aware how cold it was.
3 In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.
1) The incident seems to show the company in a bad light .
2) Could we take a walk? I feel like having a little exercise.
3) Cooped up in a small dark cell, the prisoner hasn’t seen daylight for five years.
4) We’d better get rid of these boxes of yours — they are taking up / take up too much space.
5) The village is far away from the town, tucked away behind the hills.
6) He is a nice person. I’ve never seen him get annoyed or lose his temper .
7) Being afraid that he was going to tell the newspapers, the company offered him ?,1000 to shut him up .
8) They lay side by side on the grass, not talking, just looking into thesky and enjoying the gentle spring breeze.
9) Our application was rejected, but the council didn’t give a good reason for its decision.
10) It is reported that youth crime has been on the rise in recent years.
11) Mankind must put an end to war or war will put an end to mankind.
12) Summers in the south of France are for the most part dry and sunny.
Increasing Your Word Power
1 Many words in English can be used both as nouns and as verbs. Use either thenoun form or the verb form of the words given in the box below to complete allthe sentences. Change the form where necessary.
1) I have nothing but scorn for people who are cruel to animals.
2) We all breathed a sigh of relief when we heard they were safe.
3) I respect his views, although I do not agree with them.
4) The park was overgrown and littered from years of neglect .
5) Qualified staff are leaving and standards are declining .
6) Several leading officers have quite openly scorned the peace talks.
7) Feed plants and they grow, neglect them and they suffer.
8) The first signs of economic decline didn’t become visible until acouple of months later.
9) One swing of the hammer was all it took to drive the nail throughthe board.
10) Investment levels have fallen, while the number of business failureshas risen .
11) Many of us are not happy with the recent sharp rise in gas price.
12) We’ve had a decrease in the number of students enrolling in theschool.
13) His voice was warm with friendship and respect .
14) I lay on my back, listening to the sound of the wind sighing in thetrees.
15) By exercising often, you can decrease your chance of developingheart disease.
16) She sat on the edge of the table, swinging her legs.
2 Complete the following sentences with “behaviour”, “manners”, or both. Changethe form where necessary.
1) It’s not good manners to stare at people.
2) Her lack of manners is quite appalling.
3) He had his jail term cut for good behaviour.
4) Didn’t your parents teach you any manners?
5) I’m sorry, I was forgetting my manners. Can I offer you a drink?
6) Animals in zoos often display disturbed behaviour.
7) Parents can influence the behaviour / manners of their children.
8) He attacked the food as quickly as decent table manners allowed.
9) He could at least have had the manners to answer my letter.
10) The headmaster does not tolerate bad behaviour / manners.
All the words in the following table can form acceptable collocations with thetarget words in italics. Cross out the word that is not similar in meaning fromthe rest in every group.
1) proper 2) due 3) utmost 4) grudgingrespect
1) apologetic 2) sheepish 3) rueful 4) reassuringsmile
1) colloquial2) offensive 3) strong 4) crude language
1) insolent2) soothing 3) cheerful 4) fruity voice
1) lax 2) carefree 3) casual 4) ambivalent attitudes
1) obscene 2) rude 3) theatrical 4) defiant gesture
4 Did you notice the suffixes -ful, -less in words that you have come across fromUnits 1–6, such as harmful, dreadful, joyless, restless? Both suffixes can beadded to nouns or verbs to form adjectives. When added to nouns, -ful canmean “full of” or “having the quality of”, such as careful; while -less can mean“without” or “not having the quality of”, such as careless. In this case, -ful canbe understood as the opposite of -less. But when added to verbs, -ful can mean“apt to, able to; accustomed to”, such as forgetful, while -less can mean “cannotbe -ed”, such as countless.
Now complete the following table by adding -ful and -less to the words. Somewords can be combined with only one of the prefixes. Consult a dictionary ifnecessary.
Nouns / Verbs Adjectives with -fulAdjectives with -less
count—— countless
doubtdoubtful doubtless
eventeventful eventless
forgetforgetful ——
fruitfruitful fruitless
hopehopeful hopeless
mercymerciful merciless
peacepeaceful peaceless
powerpowerful powerless
thoughtthoughtful thoughtless
Translate the following into English, using the words you have thus formed.
1) 一个轻率的决定a thoughtless decision
2) 一位多产的作家a fruitful writer
3) 一位仁慈的老人a merciful old man
4) 一个强大的国家a powerful nation
5) 一个和平的解决方案a peaceful solution
6) 一次令人愉快的聚会a delightful party
7) 一个健忘的人a forgetful man
8) 一个多事的年代an eventful age
9) 一个充满希望的未来a hopeful future
10) 一次毫无结果的调查a fruitless investigation
Grammar in Context
Study the following sentences that appear in this unit, paying special attention tothe WITH phrase. Reflect on the grammatical function of the WITH phrase in eachsentence and then do the following two tasks.
1) The other boy suddenly stood up and with a quick, deliberate swing of hischubby arm threw a spadeful of sand at Larry. (Para. 1, Text A)
Adverbial of manner
2) He stood with his legs spread apart, rocking a little, looking at
Morton withutter scorn. (Para. 16, Text A)
Adverbial of accompanying circumstances; adverbial of manner
3) He walked awkwardly, almost limping with self-consciousness, to thesandbox. (Para. 17, Text A)
Adverbial of cause
4) With all the dignity she could summon, she pulled Larry’s sandy,
perspiringlittle hand, while Morton pulled the other. (Para. 18, Text A)
Adverbial of accompanying circumstances
新世纪大学英语综合教程1第二版【二】:新世纪大学英语综合教程1-第二版-课文详解-Lecture Notes_U1
Electronic Teaching Portfolio
Book One
Unit One: College Life
Part I Get Started
Section A Discussion
▇ Sit in groups of threes or fours and discuss the following questions.
1. You may have imagined what college life would be like before you became a college student. Has it turned
out to be what you expected? Provide examples in support of your answers.
2. Whenever you think about college life, what are some of the things that come to mind? Following the
examples given, make a list of such things in the following table. Share your answers with your group
members and comment on each of the items you have listed as you go along.
3. How do you like your college life so far? Give examples.
4. What do you think is the most important thing to achieve at college? Explain.
▇ Answers for reference:
1. Possible positive comments on college life may include the following:
academic atmosphere, good student accommodations, modern facilities for teaching and research,
qualified professors, nice classmates, etc.
Possible negative comments on college life may include the following:
hard to get adjusted to the new environment, academic pressure, homesickness, problems in interpersonal
relationships, poor food, etc.
2.
3. Possible examples are: carefree and colorful life, academic environment, friendship, a door leading to the
outside world, etc.
However, college life may also be boring for some students, because most of their time is spent on study,
and they are far away from home, etc.
4. Possible answers are: academic excellence, developing communicative skills and interpersonal relationships
Section B Quotes
▇Study the following quotes about education and see if you accept the ideas expressed in the quotes.
Ralph Waldo Emerson
⊙ The things taught in schools and colleges are not an education, but the means to an education.
— Ralph Waldo Emerson
Interpretation:
We don’t go to school or college to learn, but to seek the way to learn.
About R. W. Emerson (1803–1882): R. W. Emerson, a US poet and writer who had great influence on the
religious and philosophical thought of his time.新世纪大学英语综合教程1第二版。新世纪大学英语综合教程1第二版。
W. B. Yeats
⊙ Education is not the filling of a pail, but the lighting of a fire.
— W. B. Yeats
Interpretation:
Instead of stuffing students with knowledge, real education aims at bringing out what is inside students and
cultivating their potential.
About W. B. Yeats (1865–1939): W. B. Yeats, an Irish writer of poems and plays, whose early work is often
based on old Irish stories. He is considered one of the most important Irish writers, and he won the Nobel Prize
for Literature in 1923.
Galileo
⊙ You cannot teach a man anything; you can only help him find it within himself.
—Galileo
Interpretation:
Teaching doesn’t really help anyone, but it helps a person find out what he/she is good at.
About Galileo (1564–1642): Galileo, an Italian astronomer, mathematician, and physicist whose many
discoveries had a great influence on modern science. He discovered mountains and craters (月球表面的环形山) on the surface of the Moon, and his study of the changes in the appearance of Venus (金星) proved that it was moving around the Sun. He also discovered that if you drop objects of different weights from a high place, they fall at the same speed. He was punished by the inquisition (宗教法庭) because he believed that the Sun, not the Earth, was the centre of the universe.
Section C Watching and Discussion
▇Watch the following video clip “How to Select Your College major” and do the tasks that follow: 插入视频片段： ―How to Select.wmv‖
1. Fill in the missing words according to what you hear from the video clip.
Hi, this is Laura Turner, and today I’m going to talk to you about how to I would like to tell you that if you select something that you love and that you’re , everything’s going to be fine and you’re going to get a great job However, when you’re going to college, your
2. Discuss the topic with your group members:
What are the recommended concerns in selecting a college major according to the video clip? And how did you choose your current major?
▇Answers for reference:
According to the video clip, the main concerns should be: first, to choose something you really enjoy; second, to choose something your school is well known for.
Script:
Hi, this is Laura Turner, and today I’m going to talk to you about how to select your college major. I would like to tell you that if you select something that you love and that you’re passionate about,
everything’s going to be fine and you’re going to get a great job with your degree, but of course this is not completely true. However, when you’re going to college, your primary reason for going to college is to educate yourself, which means to make yourself a better person both intellectually, spiritually, mentally, all of these things. So, whenever you choose your major, I would say yes, do choose something that you enjoy, because really if you are just in it to get a degree that will get you a high-paying job and you’re not really passionate about this and you want to be an Engineering Major just because you know that’s going to make you into a high earning person, that may be the wrong reason to study it because you’re going to get overwhelmed over time because a degree takes, it’s four years out of your life that you’re going to be studying this thing. There has to be something beyond money, and beyond the job that’s going to keep you interested. So I would suggest picking something that you love as well as, hopefully, it will be
something that will get you a job. Also, my other point is, pick something that your school is well known for, something in your school, the major in your school that actually has really great professors to teach you. If you have a great English Department, if you have a great History Department, and you’re
passionate about those things, study with professors who are great and they can help turn a little bit of interest in a subject matter into a lifelong love of it. So good luck with choosing your major wisely.
Part II Listen and Respond
Section A Word Bank
Section B Task One: Focusing on the Main Ideas
1. Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences according to the information contained in the listening passage.
1) In this monologue the speaker mainly talks about ________.
A) stories about college life
B) the life of college freshmen
C) carefree life of college students
D) differences between college and high school
2) According to the speaker, the freshman experience will ________.
A) enable students to find true friendship
B) leave a deep impression on every student
C) decide what a student can do in the future
D) teach students the importance of responsibility
▇ Key:
1) B) 2) C)
2. Read the following statements and decide whether each of them is true or false based on the information contained in the listening passage. Write T for True and F for False in the space given before each statement.
1) ________ Freshman experience is an unforgettable experience to college students.
2) ________Students will feel just as comfortable in their first year at college as in their previous years when they were in high school or back at home.
3) ________ Students are able to find very good friends at college.
4) ________ Learning to be responsible for oneself at college is very important.
5) ________ Freshmen should not be concerned with their future careers.
▆ Key:
1) T
2) F
3) T
4) T
5) F
Section C Task Two: Zooming in on the Details Listen to the recording again and fill in each of the blanks according to what you have heard.
1) The freshman year at college is, generally speaking, a time filled with _____________, some anxiety, and
_________________________________.
2) The workload will be ______________ and the major challenges of college work are a large amount of
___________________ and the short ______________.
3) College Friendship will be among the _____________________________ and
_______________________ of one’s life. It’s always exciting to discover how
________________________________ college relationships can be.
4) Students should remember that they are at college with an _____________________: they shouldn’t waste
time on ___________________________.
5) Going to college is not just to get a degree: it is to find out ___________________ and
____________________________________.
▇ Answers for reference:
1) The freshman year at college is, generally speaking, a time filled with , some anxiety, and 2) The workload will be and the major challenges of college work are a large amount of and the short .
3) College friendship will be among the of one’s life. It’s always exciting to
discover how college relationships can be.
4) Students should remember that they are at college with an ; they shouldn’t waste time
on
5) Going to college is not just to get a degree; it is to find out
I am now a fourth-year student at college, but I can never forget my freshman year here. In general, it is a time filled with anticipation, some anxiety, and wonderful discoveries.
College is a lot different from high school. Your freshman experience will definitely make an impression on you. So, what can you expect as you head off into the wonderful world of higher education?
The first thing you’ll notice is the workload. It will be heavier than you ever experienced before. The major challenges of college work are the large amount of reading and writing, and the short deadlines. A related effect that can be brought on by the workload is doubt, frustration, and possibly loneliness. You’ll be
新世纪大学英语综合教程1第二版【三】:新世纪大学英语综合教程1答案
Key to All Units (abridged)
Unit One
Words in Action
1 ) 1. They claim that they have discovered a cure for the disease, but this has not yet been proved. 2. If Jane is not here in 10 minutes, we'll assume that she isn't coming and we won't wait for her any longer. 3. After years of hard work, she became qualified as a doctor last year. 4. They based their estimate on the figures for the last four years. 5. Some Chinese words have no equivalents in English. 6. The train leaves at about half past eight—8:32, to be precise.7. If you want my personal opinion, I don't think you should go there. 8. The rights of the individual are perhaps the most important rights in society. 9. She promised solemnly that she would not say a word about it to anyone. 10. The house is too small for a family of five; furthermore, it is in a bad condition. 11. Human beings are much more intelligent than animals. 12. Her new novel is based on her adventures in Africa.
2) 1. obtain 2. confident 3. communicate 4. advantage 5. relevant 6. helpful 7. extreme 8. enjoyable 9. means 10. process 11. particularly 12. characters 13. astonished 14. apparently
3) 1. fond of 2. is … related to 3. according to 4. To a certain extent 5. vice versa 6. no doubt 7. rid … of
8. cleared up 9. or else 10. at all costs 11. sure enough 12. let alone 13. based on 14. It's no use 15. in my view 16. was worth
Increasing your word power
1) 1. c 2. d 3. b 4. b 5. b 6. d
2 ) 1. highly/very 2. quite/very 3. quite/very/increasingly 4. quite/simply/very
3) ADVERBS ADJECTIVES
efficiently efficient
fluently fluent
quickly quick
cheaply cheap
continually continual
probably probable
adventurously adventurous
finally final
steadily steady
slowly slow
solemnly solemn
really real
apparently apparent
tentatively tentative
exactly exact
4) 1. No mistake 2. especially 3. necessary 4. frequently 5. No mistake 6. easy 7. No mistake 8. individual 9. many 10. highly 11. apparent 12. remarkable 13. probably
14. No mistake
Grammar Review
Task 1: 1. would/should 2. should/would 3. might 4. would 5. must 6. can't 7. should, should 8. must
Task 2: 1. We passed the afternoon very pleasantly, roller-skating in the sun and talking about our childhood under a tree. / The afternoon passed very pleasantly, while we roller-skated in the sun and talked about our childhood under a tree. 2. On entering the lecture hall, I was surprised at the size of the crowd. / When I entered the lecture
hall, I was surprised at the size of the crowd. 3. When I was only a small boy, my father took me to Beijing and we had a lot of fun together. 4. To write well, a person must read good books.
Cloze
(1) doubt (2) efficient (3) where (4) advantage (5) afford (6) claim (7) fluently (8) qualified (9) extent (10) ridiculous (11) perfect (12) as (13) because (14) individual
Translation
1) 1. The baby can't even crawl yet, let alone walk!
2. Will claimed he was dining with a group of friends at the time of the murder, but in my opinion he told a lie.
3. To a certain extent the speed of reading is closely related to reading skills; and with reading skills you can cope with outside class reading better.
4. According to the regulation/rule, they both can play the game/participate in the game.
5. Some people assume that there is a Chinese equivalent for every Japanese word.
6. We have passed all relevant information on to the police.
7. There is no use asking me any more questions about that matter because I won't answer.
8. It was a mistake on Jim's part to sign the contract without reading it carefully.
9. They refused to provide us with all the information we need.
10. This accident is very similar to the one that happened three years ago.
11. The film is based on a play by Shakespeare.
12. If you have a good command of English and computer skills, you will surely have an advantage over others in finding a job.
2)近年来英语教学法有了很大改变，但是还是有大量的教学活动建立在行为主义心理学基础之上。那些信奉行为主义心理学理论的教师热衷于让学生复述短语，并迫使学生做一些只需不断更换句中某个词的练习。假如我们是鹦鹉或黑猩猩，那么这些方法或许能奏效。但是我们不是鹦鹉或黑猩猩，人类的语言交际必须是真实、有意义的。
Theme related writing
Write a passage in about 100-120 words, taking either of the following titles:
Why I like to learn English
I have learned English for about seven years. I should say that I am highly motivated to master English. First of all, learning English is useful, as it is becoming a world language and people from different countries often communicate with one another in English. If I am good at English, it will be much easier for me to communicate with them. Secondly, I like traveling a lot. A good mastery of English will make things much easier for me when traveling around the world. Finally, I like literature a lot. If I am very good at English, I can read great works by Shakespeare and Dickens and many other English writers instead of reading the translated versions. (118 words) Why I hate to learn English
I have learned English for about seven years. I should say the more I learn English, the more I hate it. First of all, learning English is boring. I have to memorize many new words or rely on a dictionary to frequently check unknown words. Doing so wastes a lot of my precious time. Secondly, I don't understand why we have to learn a foreign language. I don't want to go abroad and I can always find a job that doesn't need English in China. Finally, I can always read translated versions of the books I want to read. So, if I don't have to learn English, I would rather use the time I spend on English to do things I like. (121 words)
Unit 2
Enhance your language awareness
Words in Action
Working with words and expressions
1) 1. There were 24 people enrolled in the French class. 2. It was so cold in the air-conditioned room that Jane
had to wrap herself in a blanket. 3. What are you complaining about? You have already got everything you want. 4. When I turned off the TV, all my three kids protested. 5. When the father learned about his son's school performance, he beamed with satisfaction. 6. The children panicked when they saw the serious look on the teacher's face. 7. How do people celebrate New Year's Day in your country? 8. He is too stubborn to admit that he was wrong. 9. George is very ambitious about his future though he is just a teenager. 10. My son is very good at figures , and he plans to take up Mathematics as his major. 11. How can you keep your children at home for the whole week? Of course, they will get restless.12. He got very frustrated when he learned that he had failed the exam again. 13. Being a very possessive father, he felt very unhappy when he learned his daughter was going to get married.
2) 1. create 2. conflict 3. involved 4. overcame 5. have survived 6. attend 7. frowned 8. wander 9. guilty 10. sustained 11. survey 12. awkward 13. recall 14. terrified 15. insurance
16. Adapting
3) 1. was sick of 2. choking back 3. Compared with 4. settled into 5. would give anything 6. in the midst of 7. in his own right 8. on my own 9. fit in with 10. grew apart from 11. No wonder 12. staying up 13. was annoyed with 14. was scared of 15. in trouble 16. For instance
Increasing your word power
1) 1. possessive 2. overprotective 3. frustrated 4. possessive 5. lenient …strict 6. rebellious 7. frustrated 8. restless 9. stubborn
2) 1. survey 2. sustain 3. attend 4. terrify 5. wrap 6. recall
1. After surveying the damage, we concluded that it was caused by animals. 2. His car sustained dents when it hit the road block. 3. The teachers will attend our meeting this afternoon. 4. The stern expression on his face terrified me. 5. Please wrap the presents carefully. 6. When he recalled what happened ten years ago, he still couldn't help feeling sorry.
3)
Words Suffixes Adjectives Chinese meaning
(1)danger -ous dangerous 危险的
(2)irony -y → -ic ironic 具有讽刺意味的
(3)fury -y → -ious furious 暴怒的
(4)industry -y → -ious industrious 勤奋的
