【www.shanpow.com--英语作文】
【一】:英语同义近义词短语
同义近义词短语速记
1. 到达 reach; get to; arrive in(at)
2. 回来 come back; get back; return
3. 害怕 be afraid of; be(feel) frightened of
4. 担心 be worried about; be anxious about
5. 讨厌 be tired of; be fed up with
6. 因……而出名 be famous for; be well-know for
7. 在……方面好 be good at; do well in
8. 在……方面差 be weak in; do badly in
9. 能 be able to; can
10. 值 be worth; cost
11. 出生 be born; give birth to
12. 当心；小心 be careful; look out
13. 离开 be away; leave
14. 在家 be in; be at home
15. 在外面；不在家 be out; be not at home
16. 装满了 be full of; 被用……装满 be filled with
17. 来自 be from; come from
18. 一直 all the time; always
19. 遍及 all over; around
20. 终年；全年 all the year round; during the whole year
21. 尽快 as soon as possible; as early as possible
22. 立刻；马上 at once; right away
23. 起先（初） at first; first of all; at the beginning
24. 最后 at last; in the end; finally
25. 一次又一次地 again and again; over and over
26. 一整天 all day; in the daytime
27. 有时 at times; sometimes
28. 不再 no longer; not...any more
29. 不久后 before long; soon
30. 及时 in time; at the right time
31. 不超过 no more than; 少于 less than
32. 多于；超过 more than; over
33. 差不多 more or less; about
34. 刚才 a moment ago; just now
35. 就在那时 at that time; just then
36. 今后 in the future; from now on
37. 有一天 one day; some day
38. 到目前为止 so far; up to now
39. 在过去十年间 in the last ten years; since ten years ago
40. 一点 a little; a bit(of)
41. 几个；一些 a few; several
42. 玩得开心 enjoy oneself; have a good time; have fun
43. 独自，孤单 by oneself; alone
44. 事物 food; somethng to eat
45. ……怎么样 what about; how about
46. 名字 first name; given name
47. 姓 family name; last name
48. 展览 on show; on display
49. 在……的中部 in the center of; in the middle of
50. 紧邻着 next to; beside
51. 多亏 thanks to; because of
52. 在某人帮助下 thanks to; with one’s help
53. 照料 look after; take care of
54. 查找 look up; try to find the meaning of
55. 看起来像……一样 look like; look the same as
56. 与……相像 look like; be similar to; take after
57. 看电影 see a film; watch movies; go to the cinema; go to the movies/a movie
58. 告别 see sb. off; say goodbye to sb.
59. 打电话给…… ring up; call up
60. 给某人打电话 give sb. a call; make a call to sb.
61. 坐下 take a seat; sit down
62. 做运动 do sports; play sports; take sports
63. 别挂断 hold on; wait for a moment; just a minute
64. 帮助 help sb.; give sb. a hand
65. 举手 hands up; put up one’s hand
66. 分散；发放 hand out; give out
67. 继续做某事 continue + v-ing; go on + v-ing; carry on + v-ingwww.shanpow.com_solve,的同义短语。
68. 起床 get up; be up
69. 下来 get down; come down
70. 入睡 get to sleep; fall asleep
71. 迷路 get lost; can’t find the way
72. 派人去请 send for; ask sb. to come
73. 休息一会儿 have a rest; have a break
74. 举行野炊 have a picnic; go on a picnic
75. 游泳 have a swim; go swimming
76. 吃早餐 have breakfast; have a morning meal
77. 不得不 have to; must
78. 去购物 go shopping; do some shopping; go to buy sth.; go to a shop
79. 复习 go over; review
80. 快点 come on; hurry up
81. 想出 come up with; think up
82. 匆忙离开 hurry off; go away quickly; run off
83. 匆忙地 in a hurry; quickly
84. 处理 do with; deal with
85. 放弃 give up; stop doing sth.
86. 由……构成 be made up of; consist of
87. 诸如；例如 such as; for example; for instance
88. 去睡觉 go to bed; go to sleep
89. 不久前 the other day; not long ago
90. 穿着 wear; be in; be/get dressed in
91. 几乎不 hardly; almost not
92. 不经常 hardly ever; seldom
93. 许多 plently of; a lot of; lots of; a number of; many much
94. 宁可……而不 prefer to...rather than; would rather...than...
95. 取得进展 get on with sth.; make progress with
96. 属于 belong to; be owned bywww.shanpow.com_solve,的同义短语。
97. 耗尽，用完 use up; run out of
98. 发生 happen; take place
99. 追逐 chase; run after
100. 对……满意 be happy with; be pleased with
101. 使某人记起 remind sb. of; make sb. remember
102. 同意某人 agree with sb.; have the same opinion as sb.
103. 把……提供给某人 provide sth. for sb.; offer sth. to sb.
104. 被期望做某事 be supposed to do sth.; should do sth.
105. 别着急 take it easy; no hurry
106. 使高兴起来 cheer up; make sb. happier
107. 给某人提供某物 give sb. sth.; provide sb. with sth.
108. 相信；信任 believe in; trust
109. 想要 would like; want; ask for; feel like
110. 解决 solve; work out
111. 一百年 a century; one hundred years
112. 回信 reply to a letter; answer a letter
113. 让某人搭便车 give sb. a ride; pick up sb.
114. 使某人相信某事 convince sb. of sth.; make sb. believe sth. 115. 跟……谈话 talk to/with; speak to
116. 访问；拜访 drop in; visit
117. 与……不相同 be different from; be not the same as; be unlike 118. 对……印象好 be different from; be not the same as; be unlike 119. 在就餐 at table; be having meals
120. 到……去 leave for; go off to
121. 生……的气 be angry with; be annoyed with; be mad at
122. 出现 appear; show up
123. 在国外 abroad; in another country
124. 整理床铺 make the bed; tidy the bed
125. 关闭；关掉 shut down; turn off
126. 出发；动身 set out; set off; start
127. 穿衣服 get dressed; put on
128. 在……上花费 spend...on...; pay...for...
129. 以……为生 live on; feed on
130. 自学 learn...by oneself; teach oneself
131. 失去生命 lose one’s life; die
132. 败给某人 lose to sb.; be beaten by sb.
133. 开某人玩笑 play a joke on sb.; make fun of sb.
134. 比……更喜欢…… prefer...to...; like...better than...
135. 把……看作 regard... as; treat...as
136. 意外 by accident; by chance
137. 建立；设立 set up; establish; start; found
138. 当然 of course; certainly; sure
139. 修理 mend; repair; fix up
140. 没关系 Never mind; No problem; It doesn’t matter; Don’t mention it 141. 关于 about; on
142. 活着的 living; alive
143. 惊奇的 amazed; surprised
144. 漂亮的 beautiful; pretty
145. 开始 begin; start
146. 聪明的 clever; bright
147. 关闭 close; shut
148. 完成 finish; complete
149. 功课 class; lesson
150. 困难的 hard; difficult
151. 加入 join; take part in
152. 有名的 famous; well-known
153. 饲养 feed; keep
154. 比赛 game; match
155. 高兴的 happy; pleased; glad
156. 巨大的 huge; enormous; large; very big
157. 主意；观点 idea; mind
158. 是否 if; whether
159. 病的 ill; sick
160. 活泼的 lively; lovely
161. 制造；生产 make; produce
162. 也许 maybe; perhaps
163. 照片 photo; picture
164. 阻止 stop; prevent
165. 难过的 sad; unhappy
166. 二手的 second-hand; used
167. 特别的 special; unusual
168. 方法 way; method
169. 愚蠢的 silly; foolish
170. 拥有 own; have
171. 相当 rather; pretty
172. 分离；分开 divide; separate
173. 垃圾 garbage; litter
174. 担心的 anxious; worried
175. 落下 drop; fall
176. 愉快的 pleasant; enjoyable 177. 发现 find; discover
178. 成年人 grown-up; adult 179. 粗鲁的 rude; impolite 180. 主要的 mainly; mostly
反义词速记
1. after—before
2. bring—take
3. close—open
4. closed—open
5. youn—old
6. new—old
7. ahead—behind
8. cloudy—sunny
9. like—dislike
10. cock—hen
11. animal—plant
12. cold—hot
13. ask—answer
14. come—go
15. aunt—uncle
16. cool—warm
17. back—front
18. cry—laugh
19. bad—good
20. danger—safety
21. dangerous—safe
22. friendly—unfriendly
23. begin—end
24. white—black
25. curly—straight
26. lazy—hard
27. short—long
28. short—tall
29. daughter—son
30. behind—in front of
31. day—night
32. clean—dirty
33. best—worst
34 dead—living
35. better—worse
36. death—birth
37. big—small
【二】:同义短语归纳Dai
同义词 / 短语/ 句子归纳 （2013. 05）
1. accelerate vt. / vi. 使加快；使增速（同）speed up, quicken（反）delay, slow down
accelerate / speed up the economic development 加快经济发展 accidentally = by accident
account for = make up占…比例 Students account for / make up the majority of our customers. = be adjusted/adapted to as much as sb. can/ could = as much as possible altogether =in all总共 annual = yearly
an increasing number of = a growing number of at the cost/ price/ expense of 以…为代价
2. be about to do when=be on the point of doing when be accused of=be charged with be abundant in=be rich in（反）be poor/low in be absorbed in =be buried in be aware of =be conscious of be located in = be situated in
be concerned about = care about 担心 be addicted to=be hooked on 上瘾 …break / violate traffic regulations
be tired of= be sick of / be fed up with / be bored with be ready for = be well prepared for
be occupied in doing sth / with sth = occupy oneself in doing sth / with sth
= be engaged in (doing) sth. = engage oneself in ( doing ) sth. = be busy doing sth / with sth
be for = be in favour of = approve of = subscribe to be in a rush/ hurry匆忙地
be against/argue against/object to/hold the opposite views = be opposed to = oppose (doing) sth.
be related / linked to = be connected / associated / linked / concerned with与…有联系 be rushed to =be hurried to sp 被急送至…
be out of work = be jobless/ unemployed/ laid-off/ fired/ dismissed be proud of = take pride in
be popular with/ among = enjoy popularity among
be responsible for = 偶然by chance/ accident
be worried about = be anxious about = be concerned about
be moved/ affected / be touched by board the plane = on board the plane
Sth. benefit sb. / be beneficial to sb. / be of benefit to = Sb. benefit from sth.
3. 照料care for the sick = take care of / look after / tend (to) / attend (to) the sick
关心 care for / care about each other call off = cancel a certain boy = some boy 某个男生 claim one’ come into being / existence 形成
偶然碰见come across = run into ( across) =meet with 弥补compensate for = make up for
评论comment on / about= make comments on/ about = make remarks on/ about = remark on/ about
come to = add up to 共计 The bill comes to / adds up to 30 pounds. 帐单共计30英镑。
come / grow / get to do逐渐You will soon get / grow / come to like each other.
普通读者complain about = make complaints about consist of = be composed of / be made up of由…组成
（与…）一致，符合consist with = agree with = correspond with = be consistent with
concentrate on/ upon = focus on/ upon = fix one’s mind on/upon = put one’s heart into
consult /refer to a dictionary = look up the words in a dictionary consult sb. = ask sb. for advice
表达，传达convey = express I can’t convey/ express my feelings in words.
clearly = obviously = apparently count = matter=be important= be of importance有重要意义
(1996上海) The thing that matters is not whether you fail or not, but whether you try or not.
It is not how much you read, but what you read that counts.
4. date from = date back to deal with the problem = cope with/ solve/ handle the problem
decide = make up one’s mind = make one’s decision decline (to become weaker) = fail（健康，视力）衰退，衰弱(of health, sight) (to become weak) Her health has been failing / declining.
(2012浙江, 12) According to scientists, our mental abilities begin to ______from the age of 27 after reaching the highest level at 22. A. differ B. shrink C. fail defend = be in defense of die out = become extinct / endangered differ from = be different from despite + 名词（不可加of）= in spite of + 名词 = although + 句子
discriminate against= don’ deliberately =on purpose = by design故意地 do harm to = do damage to the disabled = people with disabilities
5. energetic = full of energy establish =set / build up explain sth. = make an explanation (2008江苏任务型，对…疯狂，狂热be enthusiastic /crazy/mad about/ be keen (on)
6. for free = free of charge = for nothing follow the instructions / directions former = previous (just) for fun / for the fun of it = for entertainment / pleasure
feed sb. on/ with sth. = feed sth. to sb. feed milk to the baby = feed the baby on/ with milk
7. give out / distribute the examination papers 分发试卷
give away / donate books to a library给图书馆赠送书籍 go over / review one’s lessons
8. have a talent / gift for = be gifted in have fun =have a good time = enjoy oneself
hold / keep/ choke back one’s tears 忍住泪水 keep/ hold something back (from us) 隐瞒
We feel it a great honour to host the Olympics. = We feel greatly honoured to host the Olympics. have words with sb. = quarrel with sb. have access to = be accessible to
9.上升：increase / rise / go up 下降：come down / decline / drop / fall
增加：increase 减少：decrease / reduce
impress sb. (with sth.) =impress sth. on sb./ impress on sb. sth. 使某人牢记
Father impressed on me the value of hard work. =Father impressed me with the value of hard work. improve one’s English = polish up / brush up one’s English in all aspects = on all sides in the long / short run / term 从长远看 / 短期内 in haste = in a hurry, in a rush 急忙；慌忙 in a good state = in good condition in return for = in reward for
in fact = in reality = actually= as a matter of fact in general = generally speaking = as a whole
10. lack sth. = be lacking in sth. learn… by heart = recite 记熟，背诵
live in comfort = live comfortably live / realize one’s dream = make one’s dream come true look for = search for = hunt for look back on = think back to 回想
11. match = go with make an apology to sb. = apologize to sb. ①有作用，有影响 (have an effect on)
②使有所不同；（对…某人）重要，要紧( matter much) = count = be important
make room for = make a space for 留出空间 make fun of = laugh at merely = only
make an attempt to do = be in an attempt to do make an effort to do = be in an effort to do most of the people = the majority of the people 12. not in the least = not at all 一点也不You are not disturbing me in the least.
Pandas are native to China. = China is home to / the home of pandas.
namely = that is to say There are three colours in the British flag, namely white, red and blue.
13. observe the rules = obey the rules observe Christmas Day = celebrate Christmas Day
It occurs to sb. that = It strikes sb. that 某人突然想起…
An idea suddenly struck/ hit /occurred to me. 我忽然想到一个主意。
= supply sth. to sb.
occasionally = sometimes = at times = now and then = once in a while 偶尔
on account of /owing to /due to/because of /thanks to online = on the Internet
on display/show/exhibition 在展出 on one’s own = alone独自 = if 倘若，在…条件下
Opinions on this matter vary from person to person. = Opinions are divided on this matter.
= Different people have different attitudes/ opinions / views.
14. a painter of promise = a promising painter possess = own
persuade / convince sb. to do = persuade / reason/ talk / argue sb. into doing
try to persuade sb. to do = advise sb. to do be published = come out 被出版
身体好转pick up = recover= mend （生意，局势）好转pick up =look up
polish up = improve Polish up your English before going abroad. 出国前先把你的英文练好。 put forward = come up with 提出 put up with = stand = tolerate 容忍；忍受 禁止某人做
The police banned him from attending the meeting. 警方禁止他出席这个会议。
publicly = in public privately = in private 推倒，拆毁（建筑物）tear /pull / take down prepare for = make preparations for = be in preparation for put off = delay = postpone
15. represent = stand for reserve = make a reservation for respond to = make a response to 通过卫星接收节目(= pick up)
right away = immediately = at once = quickly = very soon = in no time 马上，立刻
16. speak well of = think well / highly of speak ill of = think ill / badly / poorly / little of
set out to do = set about doing stand for = represent show mercy to sb. = have mercy on sb. show honour to = show respect for = admire /respect sb. 之后不久shortly/ soon after
somewhat adv. 稍微，有点 = a little / slightly be superior to = be better than
The situation has improved somewhat. 情况多少有了些好转。 shameful = disgraceful 17. take the place of = replace take measures / steps to do = take action to do
take part in = participate in = join in take regular exercise = take exercise regularly
take note of = take notice of 注意到 turn out (to be) = prove (to be) 结果是
take sth. into consideration / account = consider
18. underground = subway = tube 地铁 undertake = take on承担
understand = have a good understanding of use = put …to use 使用
19. various = a variety of = varieties of
20. write down = put down = set down = take down = note down 写下，记下
watch out for = look out for weigh one’s words = pick one’s words斟酌词句，推敲 He witnessed an accident. = He is a witness to the accident.
would rather do than do = would do rather than do / prefer to do rather than do
常考点：
1. 解释 account for / be responsible for
2. 由…引起：arise from / result from
3. 导致result in / lead to / contribute to / cause
4. 胜任She is up to the job. = She is equal to the job. = She is qualified for the job.
5. 除了（包括在内）as well as = apart from = besides = in addition to = on top of
6. 此外，而且 besides / in addition / furthermore / moreover
7. 一个三岁的孩子a three-year- old child = a child aged three = a child three years old
8. 做某事是没有意义的 There’s no sense / point in doing sth.
9. 抱有…的目的with the intention/ purpose of doing = in the hope of doing
She went to Paris with the intention of / in the hope of learning French.
10. 常见表“喜欢”的词：be fond of / like /enjoy /go for/ care for（一般用于否定句或疑问句）
11. 表“全力以赴”的短语：do / try one’s best, spare no efforts to do, take great pains to do,
take the trouble to do, do what somebody can (do) to do, do all somebody can (do) to do
12. 把……看作/ 当作，视为consider…to be / think…to be
look on (upon) / consider / treat / regard / see / take / view / count / think of…as
13. 表示“穿衣”的
表示动作的有：pull on / put on + 衣物 / dress + sb / oneself
表示状态的有：be wearing / be in / be dressed in / have … on（不用进行时）www.shanpow.com_solve,的同义短语。
14. 不用谢It’s my pleasure. / It’s a pleasure. / My pleasure. / You are
welcome. / Don’t mention it.
15. 没关系(用于回答别人的道歉)’t
matter. / It’s nothing. / Forget it.
16. 倍数表达法：
①倍数+as…as /倍数+比较级+than/ 倍数+the+ n. + of / 倍数+形容词性物主代词+n.
This room is three times as big as that one. =This room is twice bigger than that one.
=This room is three times the size of that one.
Her granny is five times her age. / The river is now three times its original width.
②倍数+as+ adj. + n. + as
③倍数+what从句/ that of
The output of the cars in 2006 is 6 times that of 2003/ what it was in 2003.
17. 一…就 ①as soon as I’ll call you as soon as I get to London.
②no sooner…than/ hardly(scarcely)…when/ before（主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时） I had hardly got home when the phone rang. = Hardly had I got home when the phone rang.
③the moment/ minute/ instant I’ll ring you the moment I get here.
④immediately/ directly/ instantly ⑤on / upon (doing) sth.
18.“众所周知”常用表达法：As is known to all, 定语从句，臵于句首 / We all know (that) It is known to all that…主语从句，that不能省What is known to all is that …
19. 可能 chance / chances of (doing) sth. / There’s a good / fair / slight chance that…
/ There’s much / some / little / no chance that…
(The) chances are (that) …/ Chances are high / great that he will win the game.
It’s likely / possible / probable that… = It’s possible for sb. to do = Sb. / Sth. is likely to do
There’s a possibility that…（/2009）20. 许多1) many/ a great many/ a large number of + ( pl)
2) much / a great deal of /a large amount of + (u)
many, much 多用于否定句、疑问句，肯定句中多用a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a great deal of, a good many, a large number of
21. 在我看来in my opinion (view) / personally (speaking ) / as for me / for my part/ / As far as I am
concerned / from my point of view / I think / I firmly support…/ I do strongly believe / I’m greatly convinced that / Personally, I take the side with the latter view.
22.“出了什么事”的几种不同表达What happened (to sb.) ? / What’s up?
/What’s wrong with….? / What’s the matter with…? / What’s the trouble with…?
【三】:best的用法和短语例句
best有最;最好的等意思，那么你知道best的用法吗?下面跟着学习啦小编一起来学习一下，希望对大家的学习有所帮助!
best的用法大全：
best的用法1：best用作形容词是good的最高级形式,在句中可用作定语或表语。用作定语时,其前通常加定冠词the; 用作表语时则不用加the。best之前有时不加the而加a,这时表达的意思不同。
best的用法2：best用作表语时,其后可接由that引导的从句,从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟式。
best的用法3：当best用以修饰定语从句中的先行词时,则定语从句中的谓语动词须用完成时态。
best的用法4：next〔second〕 best表示“第二好的”“稍次的”。例如:Brooks is the next best player in the team.布鲁克斯是队里的第二好手。
best的用法5：best有时可表示原级good后所没有的特殊意义。例如:I have been waiting for the best part of a day.我已等了几乎一天了。
best的用法6：best和the best在用作表语时都是正确的，一般说来在意思上没有区别。不过 A.S. Hornby认为用the可使意思更直接、更准确。
best的用法7：best用作副词是well的最高级形式，基本意思是“最好地”,既可修饰动态动词,也可修饰静态动词。作“最,最高程度地”解时,与most同义,常与love, like, hate, know, understand等表示心理感情的静态动词连用。
best的用法8：best还常用来构成复合词。
best的用法9：best用作副词时,其前一般不加定冠词。但有时为了加强语气,也加定冠词the。
best的用法10：best用作名词时,既可指“最好的东西”,也可指“最好的人”。用于抽象意义还可指“最重要的方面”“最重要的优越性”。
best的用法11：best一般只用于单数形式,当其作主语时,谓语动词用单数。best其前常加定冠词或物主代词。
best的用法12：在the best of短语中, of后面的名词一般用复数,有时也可用单数。
best的用法13：best有时还可指“最高纪录”,在美国口语中还可表示“最良好的祝愿”。
besides的常用短语：
用作形容词 (adj.)
make the best use of
one's best bet
用作副词 (adv.)
as best as one can
用作名词 (n.)
at best
at one's best
at the best of times
do〔try〕 one's best
get〔have〕 the best of
have the best of both worlds
make the best of
best的用法例句：
1. The best thing to do when entering unknown territory is smile.
踏入未知地带最好的对策就是微笑。
2. The happiest are not those who own all the best things, but those who can appreciate the beauty of life.
最幸福的人们并不一定什么都是最好，只是他们懂得欣赏生活的美好。
3. Some companies are cutting costs and hoping for the best.
有些公司在削减成本，希望一切好转。
4. I found myself behind a curtain, necking with my best friend'swife.
我意识到自己在帘子后面吻着至友的妻子。
5. "All the best," called the other typists in chorus.
“祝万事如意，”其他打字员齐声喊道。
6. "Take That" are the best group in the whole world. So there.
“接招”乐队是世界上最好的组合，就是这样的。
7. He might decide that it is best to induce labour.
他也许决定最好引产。
8. His best friend was killed by police under extremely questionable circumstances.
他最好的朋友在极其可疑的情况下被警察打死了。
9. Swimming is probably the best form of exercise you can get.
游泳或许是现有的最佳锻炼方式。
10. I'm the best man for the job, I hope.
希望我是那份工作的最佳人选。
11. He gave one of his best knockabout performances in a long time.
他表演了很长时间，那是他最精彩的闹剧之一。
12. Adjust the aerial's position and direction for the best reception.
调整天线的位置和方向以达到最佳接收效果。
13. A waiter mopped up the mess as best he could.
一名侍者尽力抹掉溅出的食物。
14. They're trying their best to bring together those separated families.
他们正尽最大的努力让离散的家人重聚。
15. "Monopoly" is one of the best-selling games of all time.
“大富翁”是有史以来最畅销的游戏之一。
【四】:浅析高中英语生词的学习和掌握
著名语言学家David Wilkins指出，“没有语法几乎不能交流思想，没有词汇根本不能交流思想。”( Without grammar very little can be conveyed, without vocabulary nothing can be conveyed.)由此可见，英语学习过程中词汇学习地重要性。也正是因为这个原因，NSEC依据高中英语课程标准对词汇的分级要求进行编写，比以往的全日制普通高中英语教科书增加了不少词汇，这给教师的教学带来了一定的困难。词汇教学的“多而全”是造成学生词汇学习负担重的主要原因。其实，有些词汇只要学生能理解即可，写作中所用的词汇远远少于听说读所用到的词汇，没有必要把每个生词的每个用法都教给学生，生词教学要区分层次：
一、为理解文章而教生词
有些生词不影响学生对文章的理解，在理解课文的教学中，这样的词汇可以不教;有些生词学生可以根据上下文或其他线索理解或猜测其意义，这样的词汇可以留给学生自己处理，教师的任务是教给学生猜词悟义的方法并设计活动检查学生的理解情况;有些生词直接影响对文章的理解，而且学生也无法在上下文中或根据其他线索猜测其意义，教师要设计活动帮助学生扫除这样的词汇障碍。
在阅读过程中，成功的读者往往运用技巧理解生词。理解词汇的技巧主要有：
1、运用上下文。
1)运用标点符号引出对生词的解释。
The principal - money he put in his savings account to earn Interest -was safe even though the bank was closed by the police. 例句中用了两个破折号把对principal的解释置于其间，说明principal的意思是sum of money。
其他用于解释的标点符号有：逗号，小括号和中括号等。
2)有时辅助性词汇和标点符号同时使用，可以解释生词的意义。
Carlos looked dazed, that is, stunned, as if someone had shocked him with bad news or with a heavy blow to the head. 辅助性词语tha is 能帮助学生理解dazed的意思是stunned。
其他辅助性词语还有：meaning，such as，or，is called等。
3)通过相关反义词意义，可以帮助理解该生词的意义。
During office hours he looked very tense and anxious, but on weekends he was quite relaxed. 表示转折关系的连词but能帮助学生确定relaxed是tense的反义词。
如果学生知道relaxed的意思是at ease，就不难理解tense意思是tight或at attention。
4)学生个人的阅历有时也能帮助理解生词的意义。
Martha's husband and mother died within a month of each other, and she cried often at her terrible sorrows. 家庭悲剧会让人感到非常伤心，这是众所周知的，运用这一常识就能理解sorrows的意思是great sadness。
5)含有生词的句子的前后句子也有助于理解该生词。
... I don't like violence ... but in 1963 I helped him blow up some government buildings.句子前半部分的violence和后半部分中的government buildings有助于解释blow up，意思是“爆炸”。
6)有时作者会用一个句子给生词下定义。
She wanted baked clams for her appetizer. An appetizer is the first course of a meal.第二个句子用来给appetizer下定义，由此学生便知道appetizer是开胃菜。
7)举例也是解释生词的好方法，经常被有些作者所使用。 Legumes, like string beans, lima beans, and green peas are important in your diet. 尽管句子中并没有直接说明legume是一类植物的名称，但是从所举例证中可以推断：legume是a name for a group of vegetables with pods。
8)有时作者会用学生熟悉的词或短语来解释生词。 The mayor wanted privacy because he knew that being alone would help him solve his problems. 句中privacy指的是being alone。
2、运用直观线索。例如，文章中图片、图画、标志、标牌等有助于学生理解生词的意义。阅读文章之前，不妨让学生先讨论一下文中出现的图片、标志等，所要学习的生词也就在这过程之中理解了。
3、运用构词法。研究词根、前缀、后缀、合成等构词方法是帮助学生理解生词含义的有效途径。例如：学生学过了art，知道它的意思是“艺术;技艺;诡计”，就不难理解artist，artistic或artful的意思了。
4、理解词的字面意义和言外之意。例如，proud字面上表示“自豪的”，但在一定的上下文中就可能表示“傲慢的”。请比较：
It will do me proud.这将使我很满意。
He is too proud to ask questions.他太骄傲，总不问人。
即使是同义词也不一定是能绝对同义的，它们所传递的信息是有差异的。例如：happy和joyous都表示高兴，但是，joyous所表达的高兴程度比happy要强得多。
5、注意英语中的一词多义现象。以check一词为例，该词所表达的意思达30个之多。例如：check our facts, write a check to pay bills, get a checkup at the doctor's, and put a check next to a correct answer等等。
6、学会使用词典。词典在许多方面给学生以帮助，它不仅帮助学生找到生词的意义，还会教会学生该生词的发音、拼写、用法、词形变化等等。
二、在阅读教学中学习词汇的用法
阅读文章为词汇教学提供了丰富的上下文和情境，帮助学生掌握词汇的用法也是阅读教学的任务之一。
1、教学词汇意义。一词多义是词汇中存在的一种常见现象，教师要在上下文中帮助学生学会准确理解词义。请阅读下面四句话，其中的anxious和concerned是否同义?
(1) I was rather anxious about the children when they didn't come home from school.
(2) We were anxious that everyone should know the truth.
(3) I was very concerned about my mother's illness.
(4) I am concerned for their happiness.
句(1)、(3)中anxious和concerned同义，表示“担心的”(worried);句(2)anxious表示“渴望的”(eager);句(4)中的concerned表示“关心的”(having an active personal interest)。
2、教学语法意义。词的语法意义决定一个词在该语言中与其他词的关系，词汇意义总有一定的语法意义伴随，而语法意义总是依附在一定的词汇意义上。请看下面afraid的用法：
He was afraid of being bitten. (afraid表示worried about something that might happen)
She was afraid to go out at night. (afraid表示unwilling to do something because you are worried what might happen)
