【www.shanpow.com--工作总结】
【一】:西餐礼仪课实训总结
西餐礼仪课实训总结
随着生活方式的更新和社会交往的活跃，我国吃西餐的人越来越多。在涉外活动中，为照顾国外客人的饮食习惯，有时也要用西餐来招待客人。西餐十分注重礼仪，讲究规矩，所以，了解一些西餐方面的知识是十分重要的。
4月12日，我们起航新闻5组全体成员一起在老师的带领下，在松雅湖西餐厅学习西餐礼仪，真是感觉很幸运，下面我就对这次学习西餐礼仪之旅做一个总结：
一、出发前的准备工作
在老师和制片人的准备下，订好了去西餐厅的时间（4月12日早上9点在西餐厅集合），并且老师与餐厅的经理协商好了座位与讲课时间。同学们都着正装，打扮得得体，并准时到达。安排了摄影的同学。
二、学习西餐礼仪的过程
同学们安静有序的坐到自己的座位，等待老师的讲课，以及观察西餐厅的环境。有很多同学都是第一次吃西餐，所以都很认真的学习西餐礼仪，餐厅经理也讲得非常详细和生动。照相的同学将我们大家在学习理论知识和就餐的画面拍摄下来，留住了这美好的时刻。以下是西餐礼仪知识的总结：
1、西餐的特点
“西餐”，是我国对欧美地区菜肴的统称，大致可以分为二类：一是以英、法、德、意等国为代表的“西欧式”，又称“欧式”，其特点是选料精纯、口味清淡，以款式多，制作精细而享有盛誉；二是以前苏联为代表的“东欧式”，也称“俄式”，其特点是味道浓，油重，以咸、酸、甜、辣皆具而著称。此外，还有在英国菜基础上发展起来的“美式”西餐等。美式西餐讲究甜品，喜欢用水果作菜。
2、餐具的用法
刀叉的使用。右手持刀，左手持叉，先用叉子把食物按住，然后用刀切成小块，再用叉送入嘴内。欧洲人使用时不换手，即从切割到送食物入口均以左手持叉。美国人则切割后，将刀放下换右手持叉送食入口。
匙的用法。持匙用右手，持法同持叉，但手指务必持在匙柄之端，除喝汤外，不用匙取食其他食物。
餐巾用法。进餐时，大餐巾可折起（一般对折）折口向外平铺在腿上，小餐巾可伸开直接铺在腿上。注意不可将餐巾挂在胸前（但在空间不大的地方，如飞机上可以如此）。拭嘴时需用餐巾的上端，并用其内侧来擦嘴。绝不可用来擦脸部或擦刀叉、碗碟等。
3、进餐的礼仪
1）.餐具使用礼仪
吃西餐，必须注意餐桌上餐具的排列和置放位置，不可随意乱取乱拿。正规宴会上，每一道食物、菜肴即配一套相应的餐具（刀、叉、匙），并以上菜的先后顺序由外向内排列。进餐时，应先取左右两侧最外边的一套刀叉。每吃完一道菜，将刀叉合拢并排置于碟中，表示此道菜已用完，服务员便会主动上前撤去这套餐具。如尚未用完或暂时停顿，应将刀叉呈八字型左右分架或交叉摆在餐碟上，刀刃向内，意思是告诉服务员，我还没吃完，请不要把餐具拿走。
使用刀叉时，尽量不使其碰撞，以免发出大的声音，更不可挥动刀叉与别人讲话。
2）.进餐的顺序
西餐内容齐全的西菜一般有七八道，主要由这样几部分构成：www.shanpow.com_西餐礼仪学习。
第一，饮料（果汁）、水果或冷盆，又称开胃菜，目的是增进食欲。
第二，汤类（也即头菜）。需用汤匙，此时一般上有黄油、面包。
第三，蔬菜、冷菜或鱼（也称副菜）。可使用垫盘两侧相应的刀叉。
第四，主菜（肉食或熟菜）。肉食主菜一般配有熟蔬菜，此时要用刀叉分切后放餐盘内取食。如有色拉，需要色拉匙、色拉叉等餐具。
第五，餐后食物。一般为甜品（点心）、水果、冰淇淋等。最后为咖啡，喝咖啡应使用咖啡匙、长柄匙。
3）.面包等可用手取食
进餐时，除用刀、叉、匙取送食物外，有时还可用手取。如吃鸡、龙虾时，经主人示意，可以用手撕着吃。吃饼干、薯片或小粒水果，可以用手取食。面包则一律手取，注意取自己左手前面的，不可取错。取面包时，左手拿取，右手撕开，再把奶油涂上去，一小块一小块撕着吃。不可用面包蘸汤吃，也不可一整块咬着吃。
4）.用汤匙舀着喝汤
喝汤时，切不可以汤盘就口，必须用汤匙舀着喝。姿势是：用左手扶着盘沿，右手用匙舀，不可端盘喝汤，不要发出吱吱的声响，也不可频率太快。如果汤太烫时，应待其自然降温后再喝。
5）.不可整块肉送嘴里咬
吃肉或鱼的时候，要特别小心。用叉按好后，慢慢用刀切，切好后用叉子进食，千万不可用叉子将其整个叉起来，送到嘴里去咬。这类菜盘里一般有些生菜，往往是用于点缀和增加食欲的，吃不吃由你，不要为了面子强吃下去。
6）.吃东西不要发出很大声响
吃西餐时相互交谈是很正常的现象，但切不可大声喧哗，放声大笑，也不可抽烟，尤其在吃东西时应细嚼慢咽，嘴里不要发出很大的声响，更不能把叉刀伸进嘴里。至于拿着刀叉作手势在别人面前挥舞，更是失礼和缺乏修养的行为。
7）坐姿要端正
吃西餐还应注意坐姿。坐姿要正，身体要直，脊背不可紧靠椅背，一般坐于座椅的四分之三即可。不可伸腿，不能翘起二郎腿，也不要将胳臂肘放到桌面上。
8）.酒杯不斟满，喝酒不劝酒
饮酒时，不要把酒杯斟得太满，也不要和别人劝酒（这些都不同于中餐）。如刚吃完油腻食物，最好先擦一下嘴再去喝酒，免得让嘴上的油渍将杯子弄得油乎乎的。干杯时，即使不喝，也应将酒杯在嘴唇边碰一下，以示礼貌。
4、餐位的安排
原则上男主宾坐在女主人右边，女主宾坐在男主人右边，而且多半是男女相间而坐，夫妇不坐在一起，以免各自聊家常话而忽略与其他宾客间的交际。
5、就餐着装
再昂贵的休闲服，也不能随意穿着上高档西餐厅吃饭,穿着得体是欧美人的常识。去高档的西餐厅，男士要穿整洁；女士要穿晚礼服或套装和有跟的鞋子,女士化妆要稍重因为餐厅内的光线较暗,如果指定穿正式的服装的话，男士必须打领带。进入餐厅时，男士应先开门，请女士进入，应请女士走在前面。入座、点酒都应请女士来品尝和决定。
三、西餐礼仪课实训圆满结束
同学们学到了很多西餐知识，这对以后步入社会是很有帮助的。这次的西餐之旅还有一点让我感触深的就是，大家在一起学习，一起玩耍是一件很幸福的事，希望每个同学都能珍惜一起实训的机会。
【二】:全面介绍西餐礼仪英文版(中英对照)
全面介绍西餐礼仪英文版
Eating in American（I）
中国菜着重色、香、味，西餐讲究实惠。初到美国餐馆用餐，应该注意如下事项：
1）选择合适的餐馆（如：家庭式餐馆、特色餐馆以及自助式餐馆等）；2）餐馆营业时间（上午11：30开门营业，直到夜晚）；3）一般都应事先预订餐位：4）到达餐馆后，不能径直地到餐桌旁入桌，除非餐厅有“随意就坐”的告示；5）付款时，别忘了留给服务员一定比例的小费（一般为实际总额的10%～15%）。 Eating out is one of the joy of being in the USA.The food is usually good and often excellent;the prices are reasonable ;and the service is mostly fine.
Choosing a Restaurant 选择餐馆 Some restaurants are open for
breakfast;others are open twenty-four hours a day.A number of restaurants call themselves "family restaurants".Many of these serve no alcohol and have fairly restricted menus which include
steaks,hamburgers,omelettes(炒蛋)and sandwiches,and all are at very reasonable prices.They may also serve smaller and cheaper children's portios(份餐).Note that many American restaurants are
"speciatly"restaurants .They may serve only,or
mainly ,steaks ,seafood,etc.
When to Eat 供餐时间 Many restaurants,especially the more expensive ones,open at about 11：30a.m.(midday,rather than 1p.m.,is the most normal time for lunch in the USA),and some remain open until the evening,so it is possible to order a meal throughout the afternoon.
In many areas it is usual for people to leave work and go out for an evening meal at 5p.m.or 6p.m.,than waiting until later.
Reserving a Table 预订餐位 Eating out is rather popular in the USA.And it is often necessary to make a reservation.You will sometimes see short queues of people waiting for tables at restaurants-it's more pleasant to wait in the bar ,of course,if there is one-but there queues more quickly. Arriving at Restaurant 到达餐馆 When you arrive at most restaurant,you should not just go in and sit down-unless you see a sign saying "Please seat yourself".Usually you will have to wait for a "hostess"or
"captain"(领班)to escort(陪同)you to a table .Often there will be a sign that reads "Please wait to be seated".
Do not expect to share a table with other parties,even if the restaurant is crowed .It just isn't done.
Many restaurant have a no-smoking section,in some place by lows.
One excellent American custom is that after you have sat down your waiter or waitress will often bring you a glass or water(with ice naturally)and will keep on refilling it throughout the meal.(Most American are incapable of eating a meal without drinking something at the same time.)When your waiter or waitress takes your order,it is not very normal for one person to order for the whole table.Each person orders separately ,except in the most expensive restaurants.
Summoning a waiter 召唤侍者 You may find your waiter unusually friendly.He may ask you how you are (You're supposed just to say
"Fine"),inquire whether you have a good day and ,later on say that he hopes you will enjoy your meal.
To summon a waiter in a American restaurant you may call "Bill",or "Mary",or "Claude",or whatever.Waiters and waitresses often actually introduce themselves when they first come to your table or wear name tags,you are permitted to use their first names.
Paying the Bill 付款 The bill (often called the "check")comes usually with tax added but no service chare-though some restaurant do now add a service charge.The etiquette(规矩)books say that you should leave a ten per cent tip(小费)for lunch,fifteen per cent for dinner.The tip should be calculated on the basis of the total before the addition of tax. At many restaurant you can ask the waiter to bring the bill and than pay at a cash desk on the way out.
Eating in American（II）
美国人吃饭用刀叉，而且他们的用餐方式是很有讲究的。因此，在应邀与美国朋友一起吃饭时，应特别注意他们的用餐习惯。一般情况下，餐桌上摆放有一幅餐刀和两幅餐叉，外边的餐叉供你吃色拉，里边的餐叉用于吃主食和其它点心食品，餐刀用来切肉食。如果你两手并用，应左手握叉，右手握刀，而且一次握刀时间不能太长。美国人的早餐有：炒或煮鸡蛋、香肠、油炸土豆片、薄煎饼、果子冻、烤面包、松饼、桔子汁以及咖啡等。
Eating Custom and Practice 用餐习惯 American eating is funny.They eat almost everything with a fork,and it appears that holding a knife in one's right hand longer than a few seconds is considered to be against good table manners.
The system is that if it is absolutely necessary to use a knife,people take the fork in their left hand,and cut off a piece of meat or whatever it is in the normal manner.Then they put the knife down,transfer the fork to their right hand,and only then do they transport the food to their mouth.This is clearly ludicrous(滑稽可笑),but it is considered good manners.There are several results of this system.First,if it is not absolutely necessary to use a knife,Americans don't use one,because obviously this greatly complicates(使复杂化)things,and you will therefore see them trying to cut things like potatoes,fish and even bacon(熏猪肉)with a fork.Second,towards the end of a course,since only one implement(器具)is being used,food has to bo chased around the plate with the fork —and for the last mouthful the thumb has to be used to keep the food in place,although one is not supposed to do this.Third,tables are generally laid with one knife and two forks,the outside fork being for the salad.There is no need for foreign visitors to follow the American system and try to eat the salad with only a fork,but if you do use your knife,remerber to save it for the meat course.Even desserts(甜食)(except
ice cream)are eaten with a fork if at all possible,and the spoon you see by your dessert is meant to be for coffee (but if you use it for your dessert no one will say anything).
Some Breakfast Dishes 早餐食谱 Breakfast in a restaurant is a very enjoyable experience.If you order eggs in a restaurant,the
waiter/waitress will ask you how you want them .You can reply that you want them "scrambled(炒)"or "boiled".It is not sufficient,however,to ask for them "fried"you will have to specify whether you would prefer them "sunny-side-up"(煎一面),"over"(两面煎),"over-easy/easy-over"(两面煎，但蛋黄仍然呈流体状).American sausage(香肠)comes in slices and is quite spicy.But you can also have link sausage.American bacon comes in small strips,can be rather fat,and is served crispy.It is usually very tasty,and you can eat it with your fingers."Hash brows"(油炸土豆片)are shredded(切成碎片的)and fried potatoes.They are wonderful,especially with fried eggs and ketchup(蕃茄酱)."Pancakes"（薄煎饼）
,sometimes called "hot cakes",are made with baking power.They are normally served in a pile,and you are supposed to put butter and syrup(果浆)on them."Jelly"(果子冻)is jam and includes grape jelly,which is very tasty.Toast is often served already buttered."English muffins(松饼)"are like small crumpets(烤饼)without the holes and are served toasted.You put jam on them.A "biscuit"(软饼)is a snall,scone-like bread roll,often served hot.Orange juice and coffer are often serced with breakfast. Eating in American（III）
美国人吃午餐和吃晚餐之前通常要喝点鸡尾酒，但在加利福尼亚州，人们大都喝葡萄酒。吃主食之前，一般都要吃一盘色拉。炸磨茹和炸洋葱圈可作为开胃食品，牛排、猪排和鸡（腿）为主食，龙虾、贝壳类动物以及各种鱼类甚至包括淡水鱼被统称为海鲜。炸土豆条是深受人们喜爱而且几乎成了必不可少的食物。另外应特别注意的一点，如有吃剩的食物，一定要打包带回家，以免浪费。
Cocktail 鸡尾酒 It is quite usual to drink cocktails before lunch and dinner in America and somewhat less usual,except in California,to drink wine with a meal.You can either have a cocktail in the bar,if there is one,while you wait for a table or for friends,or you can have one served before your dinner comes.At some restaurants the waiter/waitress will come to your table as soon as you sit down to ask if you want a cocktail,and you can then drink this while deciding what to order to eat.At others,there may be a separate cocktail waiter or waitress.In this case,you do not normally order wine from him or her but from the normal waiter-or the wine waiter is there is one.Do not hesitate to order Californian wines.They can be excellent and in many parts of the country are cheap.
Salad 色拉 It is usual to have a salad with your meal,and a separate plate is provided for this purpose.The normal practice in America is to eat the salad before the main course.A wonderful American invention is the salad
bar.In restaurants that have these salad bars the waiter does not bring your salad.You go to the salad bar and help yourself,usually to as much as you want.This is normally done after you have ordered your meal;you eat the salad while the main course is being cooked.
Choosing from the Menu 选菜 American menus can look rather confusing at first sight,for they may use some terms which are unfamiliar to most vistors.Here are some points which may be useful.
Fried mushrooms,fried onion rings (洋葱圈)and fried zucchini (小胡瓜)are sometimes served as starters (第一道菜).Potatoes most often come
"French-fried"or baked.If you order a baked potato,the waiter will ask you what you want on it.The choice is butter and/or sour cream and sometimes chives (细香葱).
Very often vegetables do not come automatically with the meal,and you have to pay extra for them.
"Scrod"(小鳕鱼),"red snapper"(啮龟)and "mahi hahi"are all name of
fish."Seafood"means lobster (龙虾),shellfish and fish,including,funnily enough,freshwater fish!Prawns (对虾)are known as "shrimp".American beef is usually good and often wonderful.
American salt and pepper (糊椒粉)pots are confusing until you realize that the salt pot may look like a pepper pot except that the salt pot's holes are bigger.Pepper is normally black rather than white.American mustard (芥末)is mild and normally eaten with hot dogs or hamburgers rather than meat.And that stuff in a dish that looks ice cream is actually whipped (搅拌过的)butter.
Leftovers 吃剩的食物 You have probably heard that in American
restaurants,if you can't finish your meal,you can put the remains in a "doggy bag"and take them home.This is quite true.If you leave some meat,in particular,your waiter may ask you if you'd like him to put it into "a little bag",or you can ask him to do this.
【三】:西餐礼仪培训
外国人吃西装有很多的礼仪讲究，特别是贵族特别看重吃西餐的礼仪。那么我们就来学学吧。下面小编就为大家整理了关于西餐礼仪培训，希望能够帮到你哦!
西餐礼仪培训www.shanpow.com_西餐礼仪学习。
在西餐礼仪里，往往体现女士优先的原则。排定用餐席位时，一般女主人为第一主人，在主位就位。而男主人为第二主人，坐在第二主人的位置上。
西餐桌上席位的尊卑，是根据其距离主位的远近决定的。距主位近的位置要高于距主位远的位置。
排定席位时，以右为尊是基本原则。就某一具体位置而言，按礼仪规范其右侧要高于左侧之位。在西餐排位时，男主宾要排在女主人的右侧，女主宾排在男主人的右侧，按此原则，依次排列。
按礼仪的要求，面对餐厅正门的位子要高于背对餐厅正门的位子。
西餐排列席位时，讲究交叉排列的原则，即男女应交叉排列，熟人和生人也应当交叉排列。在西方人看来，宴会场合是要拓展人际关系，这样交叉排列，用意就是让人们能多地和周围客人聊天认识，达到社交目的。
最得体的入座方式是从左侧入座。当椅子被拉开后，身体在几乎要碰到桌子的距离站直，领位者会把椅子推进来，腿弯碰到后面的椅子时，就可以坐下来了。用餐时，上臂和背部要靠到椅背，腹部和桌子保持约一个拳头的距离。两脚交叉的坐姿最好避免。
在一些餐桌安排在单独房间的场合，在女主人邀请你入席之前，不应当擅自进入设有餐桌的房间。在重要场合，客人要按女主人的指点入座，客人要服从主人的安排。一般来说，宴会应由女主人主持，如果女主人说：“祝你们胃口好”，这意味着可以用餐了。如果女主人还没有发话，就迫不及待地开始食用，那也是失礼的行为。
认识西餐餐具
摆在中央的是装主菜的盘子，把盛小菜的碟子放在大盘里，餐巾一般置于盘子的上面或侧面。
盘子右边旁摆刀、汤匙，左边摆叉子。刀刃对着盘子，叉齿向下。可依用餐顺序和自己需要而由外侧至内使用。
玻璃杯摆右上角，最大的是装水的高脚杯，次大的是装红葡萄所用的，而细长的玻璃杯是装白葡萄酒所用的，视情况也会摆上香槟或雪莉所用的玻璃杯。
面包盘和奶油刀置于左手边，装饰盘对面则放咖啡或吃点心所用的小汤匙和刀叉。 非正式
正式
西餐的点酒、上菜顺序、餐巾使用
点酒
在高级餐厅里，会有精于品酒的调酒师拿酒单为顾客服务。对酒不太了解的人，最好告诉他自己挑选的菜色、预算、喜爱的酒类口味，请调酒师帮忙挑选、主菜若是肉类应搭配红酒，鱼类则搭配白酒。上菜之前，不妨来杯“吉斯冰果”苹果汽酒较淡的酒。
上菜顺序
www.shanpow.com_西餐礼仪学习。 正式的全套西餐上菜顺序是：前菜和汤、鱼、水果、肉类、乳酪、甜点和咖啡、水果，还有餐前酒和餐酒。没有必要全部都点，点太多却吃不完反而失礼。稍有水准的餐厅都欢迎只点前菜的客人。前菜、主菜(鱼或肉选其一)加甜点是最恰当的组合。点菜并不是由前菜开始选，而是先选一样最想吃的主菜，再配上适合主菜的汤。
餐巾使用
点完菜后，在前菜送来前的这段时间把餐巾打开，往内折1/3、让2/3平铺在腿上，盖住膝盖以上的双腿部分。最好不要把餐巾塞入领口。
学会使用西餐刀叉
叉子的拿法是将食指伸直按住叉子的背部。刀子除了与叉子有同样的拿法外，还可以用拇指与食指紧紧夹住刀柄与刀刃的接合处。如果用全部手指握住的话，会破坏整体平衡，利用拇指与食指握住才是拿刀叉的要点。
左叉右刀是吃西餐的基本姿势，国人可能不习惯在切完食物后用左手拿叉吃，但在这种地方将叉子换到右手再进餐，也一样是不合适宜的。不过，如果副菜或甜点是可以直接用叉子叉起食用的料理，那么就没有必要刻意的使用刀子。在家庭餐会或是朋友间的轻松聚餐中，像沙拉或是蛋包饭之类软软的料理也可以只使用叉子进餐。在习惯用左手拿叉子之前，也许会感到有困难，不过一旦能灵活使用，就能体会到刀叉食用西餐的乐趣。
刀叉还有另一项非常重要的功用，即可以传达出“用餐中”或是“结束用餐”的讯息。
表述用餐中：在法式餐厅中，是将刀叉交叉斜放;在英式餐厅中，只需将刀叉在盘子中间摆成“八”字形且注意不要让它们滑落即可。
表示用餐完毕：法式餐厅中，将刀叉并齐平行放在盘中，柄的部分稍稍向右侧挪放即可。英式餐厅中，将刀叉并齐，柄的部分放置于六点钟方向。由于刀刃的部分相当危险
