【www.shanpow.com--中考满分作文】
【一】:中考高频词组、短语
1. 起飞
2. 再过多久将发生某事 3. 多久一次 4. 多长 5. 放弃 6. 匆忙 7. 小心 8. 试验 9. 照顾
10. 查阅 11. 寻找 12. 了解 13. 爱上 14. 熬夜 15. 醒来 16. 浏览 17. 展开 18. 泄露 19. 分发 20. 穿上 21. 关闭 22. 打开 23. 关注 24. 当心
25. 同意某人的意见 26. 以…为傲 27. 查明 28. 用完 29. 推迟 30. 整齐 31. 复习
32. 打翻；翻阅 33. 克服，熬过 34. 检查
take off how soon how often how long give up hurry up look out try out look after look up 1ook for know about fall in love with stay up wake up look through open up give away hand out put on turn off turn on care for take care agree with take pride in find out run out of put off in order go over turn over get over look over
35. 假设想做某事 be supposed to do sth 36. 该选哪个 which one to choose 37. 变黄 turn yellow 38. 想出 come up with 39. 赶上 catch up with 40. 设立 setup 41. 建造 put up 42. (从旁)走过
go by 43. 熄灭 go out 44 爆炸 go off 45. 使振奋
cheer up 46. 整理 clean up 47. 向右/向左 turn right/turn left 48. 长大
grow up 49. 由…制成
be made of 50. 把某物借给某人 lend…to sb 51. 把某物落在家里 leave sth at home 53. 接/捡起 pick up 54. 说谎
tell a lie 55. 多少次 how many times 56. 习惯于 be used to 57. 赢得比赛 win the match 58. 拿起 take up 59. 取走 take away 60. 拿出
take out
1. 少一些钱少一些
less money and fewer people
2. 一名诚实人 an honest man 3. 越来越多的人 more and more people 4. 穿蓝衣的妇女 the lady in blue 5. 如此有用的字典 such a useful dictionary 6. 那么多羊
so many sheep 7. 房门的钥匙
the key to the door
8. 问题的答案 the answer to the question 9. 过多的钱
too much money 10. 太多的杂志
so many magazines 11. 一名5岁男孩 a five-year-old boy 12. 关于宇宙飞船的书 books on spaceship 13. 甚至更美丽 even more beautiful 14. 好的多
much better 15. 对某人很友善
be kind to sb
16. 足够好做某事 be well enough to do sth 17. 长几分钟 a few minutes longer 18. 不如…贵 less expensive man 19. 没什么新的 nothing new 20. 再过几年
in a few years’ time 21. 在一个寒冷的早上 on a cold morning 22. 在某天的早上 on the morning of 23. 直到…才 not… until 24. 从…到 from…to 25. 自从
ever… since 26. 在母亲节 on Mothers' Day 27. 使某人惊奇的是 to one’s surprise 28. 紧挨着 next to 29. 除了
nothing but 30. 像往常一样 as usual 31. 从今以后 from now on 32. 生病住院 be ill in hospital 33. 在大雨中
in the heavy rain 34. 在……的南部 in the south of 35. 在100米比赛中
in the 100 meter race/in 100 meters
36. 同时 at the same time 37. 昨天这个时候
at this time yesterday
38. 至少 at least 39. 至多
at most 40. 在…和…之间
between…and
41. 顺便说一下
by the way 42. 从某种程度上说 in a way 43. 在两天的时间内 in two days' time 44. 在10年内 in ten years 45. 在某人的业余时间
in one’s spare time 46. 在第四排 in Row Four 47. 乘飞机
by plane/ by air 48. 在两边
both sides of/on either side of
49. 按时/及时 on time/in time 50. 只有一点点 only a little/only a few
51. 将有场会议
There is going to be a meeting.
52. 对不起 I’m sorry, but… 53. 多久一次 how often 54. 再过多久将发生某事
how soon 55. 多长时间 how 1ong 56. 多远
how far
57. 多好的天气啊! What fine weather! 58. 到目前为止
so far
59. 有位老人在说话There is an old man talking. 60. 某人出了毛病There is sth wrong with sb. 61. 太多 too much 62. 过于 much too 63. 许多 quite a few 64. 无论 no matter+句子 65. 是否 whether…or not 66. 尽快 as soon as possible 67. 仍然
all the same 68. 成千上万的 thousands of 69. 三分之二 two thirds 70. 一定数量的
a number of 71. 的数量 the number of 72. 某人自己/独自
all by oneself 73. 收好
put away
74. 推迟 put off 75. 张贴
put up 76. 打开/关闭 turn on/off 77. 调高/调低
turn up/down
78. 相处友好
get along well with sb/be friendly to sb
79. 用英语说它 say it in English 80. 大会发言 speak at the meeting
81. 高度赞扬 speak highly of 82. 听起来有趣 sound interesting 83. 用低音说
speak in a low voice
84. 为某人拿来某物
get sth for sb
85. 去电影院 go to the cinema/see a film
86. 给我一些建议
give me some advice 87. 给某人穿衣 dress sb 88. 一定是
must be 89. 一定不是 can’t be 90. 去了某地
has gone to 91. 发现做某事很难 find it hard to do sth 92. 要求某人做某事 ask sb to do sth 93希望做某事 hope to do sth/wish sb to do sth
94. 想做某事 want to do sth 95. 想做某事 would like to do sth 96. 期望做某事
expect sb to do sth 97. 去某地做某事 go to sp to do sth 98. 不需要做某事 don’t need to do sth /needn't do sth 99. 忘记做某事
forget to do sth/forget doing sth
100. 随便吃点
help yourself to sth
101. 有很多作业要做
have a lot of homework to do
102. 有趣的东西可以阅读
have sth interesting to read
103. 比起…胜过
prefer…rather than
104. 过去常常做某事 used to do sth
105. 习惯于做某事 be used to doing 106. 用来做某事
be used for doing 107. 盼望做某事
look forward to doing 108. 停下来做某事 stop to do sth 109. 停止做某事 stop doing sth 110. 最好做某事
had better (not) do sth
111. 帮助某人做某事 help sb(to) do sth 112. 使某人做某事 make sb do sth 113. 给某人腾空间 make room for sb 114. 使某人高兴 make sb happy 115. 犯错误 make a mistake 116. 确信 make sure 117. 约定
make it 118. 像在家里一样 make yourself at home
119. 制造噪音
make noise 120. 让某人做某事
let sb do sth
121. 看见某人正在做某事 see sb doing 122. 听见某人正在做某事 hear sb doing 123. 你介意做某事吗? Would you mind doing 124. 练习做某事 practice doing sth 125. 忙于做某事 be busy doing sth 126. 喜欢做某事 enjoy doing sth 127：使…保持开着
keep sth open 128. 保持安静 keep quiet 129：保持健康 keep healthy 130. 使某人做某事 have sb do sth 131. 使某事被做 have sth done 132. 某事值得一做
be worth doing 133. 想做某事 feel like doing sth 134. 错过火车 miss the train 135. 感觉好 feel well 136. 留言
leave a message
137. 去某地
leave for spwww.shanpow.com_take中考短语。
138. 结婚
get married/marry sb 139. 教他们英语
teach them English
140. 自学teach oneself/learn sth by oneself 141. 教某人做某事 teach sb to do sth 142. 同意某人的意见 agree with 143. 摔倒 fall off 144. 落后
fall behind 145. 赢得比赛
win the match
146. 少吃多锻炼
eat less food and take more exercise
147. 准备做某事 get ready to do sth 148. 发射
send up 149．派人去叫 send for 150．对某人充满信心have confidence in oneself 151．赶上 catch up with 152．上车/下车 get on/get off 153．熬夜 stay up 154．试穿
try on 155．尽力做某事 try one’s best to do sth 156．检查 1ook over 157．照料 look after/take care of 158．查字典
look up 159．当心 be careful/take care/look out
160．寻找
look for 161．向窗外看
look out of 162．匆忙做某事 do sth in a hurry 163，向某人求救 ask sb for help 164．查明 find out 165．伤得很重 be badly hurt 166．展览
be on show 167．穿破 be worn out 168．当作
be regarded as 169．靠近某地
be close to sp
170．担心 be worried about/worry about 171．吃惊于
be amazed at
172．出生于1990 be born in 1990
173．更小心
be more careful
174．穿红看起来好的多look better in red 175．移动远一点儿 move a bit farther 176．跳得更高
jump higher
177．看起来更漂亮look much more beautiful 178．高兴地看着某人 look happily at sb 179．值日
be on duty 180．看电视剧 see films on TV 181．对…有害 be bad for 182．对…有好处 be good for 183．迟到…
be late for 184．对…有帮助… be helpful for 185．以．．．为骄傲 be proud of 186．由…制成 be made of/be made from 187．由_组成
be made up of
188．对某人要求严格 be strict with sb 189．对某物要求严格 be strict in sth 190．高兴于某人 be pleased with 191. 小心某人 be careful with 192．生某人的气 be angry with 193．尝试 have a try 194．等一下
hold on 195．实现
come true 196．全神贯注于某事 lose one’s heart into sth 197．放弃机会 give up the chance 198．独居
live alone 199．感到孤独 feel lonely 200．厌倦某人
be fed up with中考
高频短语总结
l 介词短语：
in the morning, in 2008, in June,in a hurry, arrive at/ in, be in survice/use, on a rainy morning, on the morning of, have a bad effect on sb, look down on, on mobile phone/the radio, on her twentieth birthday, at eight o’clock, set up, put out, get on/ off, take off, put on, turn on/off, turn up/down, belong to, reply to, be of great value to,at the beginning(of), give up , give out, grow up,cheer sb up, try it/them on, help sb with sth, agree with sb, be strict with, chat with, get on well with, get along with, be filled with, share sth with sb, stay with sb, provide sth for sb, provide sb with sth, argue with sb, none of, a member of, remind of, the importance/ loss of, in the form of, think of，take care of, look up, put up, stay out (too) late, worry about, show off, raise money for, go across the street, between… and, come out, instead of, be proud of, put one’s effort into, get to, hear from, the sixtieth birthday of China, on the third Sunday, be full of, donate to,from …to, in order to,the answer to, spend on, pay for, be late for , be good for, be famous for, wash away,hand it in on time, come out, come from, laugh at, show sb around, on foot, lend sth to sb, borrow sth from…, buy sb sth,buy sth for sb, look after…well, take good care of,on one side of…on the other side of, prefer sth to sth,
l 含有动名词的短语：
be fond of doing, enjoy doing, devote oneself to
doing sth, prefer doing sth to doing sth, have a good time doing sth，pay（no）attention to doing, be worth doing, be crazy about doing, be interested in doing sth, keep doing, practise doing, looking forward to (doing) sth, be good at doing, do well in doing, finish doing, forget /remember doing, stop doing, be busy doing, have problems/difficulty doing,
stop/keep/prevent…(from)doing, thanks for doing
sth,
l 使用动词原形的短语：
would rather do sth than do sth, would rather not do sth, be able to do sth, had better(not) do,make sb do,help sb do, see/hear sb do, let sb do,
l 含有动词不定式的短语：
want to do, ask sb to do,tell sb to do sth, advise sb to do, seem to do, try (one’ s best )to do, teach sb to do , decide to do, forget /remember to do, can’ t wait to do, would like to do, allow to do, stop to do, invite sb to do, take action to do, have sth to eat/ drink,
l 易混淆的短语：
used to do, be used to doing sth, fall asleep, feel sleepy, four million/thousand, millions/thousands of, much too, too much, hear& listen to, stay at home alone, leave sb alone, feel lonely, play football/basketball, play the violin/piano, play cards/ chess, two more books, another two books,
【二】:中考短语易错题
动词和动词短语
1. Lao she’s Teahouse _______ the changes in Chinese history over fifty years.(2015天津中考)
A. describes B. improves C. prepares D. corrects
2. Bob is taking the desks away because they _______ too much time. (2015天津中考)
A. stand up B. pick up C. take up D. listen up
3. Yunnan is beautiful and I’m ________ visiting it again.(2015天津中考)
A. keeping clear of B. suffering from C. looking forward to D. running away from
4. They all ______ Laura about building a museum here. (2015重庆中考)
A. waited for B. handed in C. agreed with D. knocked at
5. They walked home last night because they couldn’t _______ to take a taxi. （2015重庆中考）
A. leave B. buy C. afford D. allow
6. It’s important for us to protect nature because we _______ its rich resources to live. （2015南京中考）
A. depend on B. leave for C. give up D. lead to
7. -What’s wrong with Simon? He isn’t at school today.
-His legs hurt. He was _______ by a motorcycle this morning.（2015南京中考）
A. treated B. hit C. operated D. cured
8. I’ll pick you up at the stop sign where 50 meters ahead the two roads _______. （2015武汉）
A. fit B. meet C. face D. reach
9. -I’ll always stand by you when you are in need. （2015武汉中考）
-It’s nice of you. Your support is really _______.
A. appreciated B. thanked C. helped D. depended
10. -Jason, would you please _______ this notice? （2015武汉中考）
-With pleasure.
A. put on B. put off C. put up D. put out
11. I really need to take more exercise because I’m _______ weight. （2015杭州中考）
A. putting off B. putting on C. putting down D. putting away
12. -It will _______ only about 50 minutes to travel to Mount Wuyi by high-speed railway. （2015福州中考）
-Wow, how exciting! I can’t wait.
A. take B. spend C. cost
13. -What did you do on Earth Day this year? （2015福州中考）
-We _______ a show to spread the message about protecting the environment.
A. put on B. put up C. put away
14. -There are dark clouds, and the wind is blowing strongly. （2015沈阳中考） -It _______ that a typhoon is coming.
A. feels B. sounds C. seems D. looks
15. Our government has tried many ways to _______ the smog（雾霾）problem. Maybe we’ll have a clear sky in the near future. （2015哈尔滨中考）www.shanpow.com_take中考短语。
A. put away B. work out C. come up
16. It was such a long way that they didn’t _______ the hotel until it became dark. （2015哈尔滨中考）
A. reach B. arrive C. get
17. -Mum, shall we go to the beach tomorrow? （2015广东中考）
-It _______ the weather.
A. carries on B. lives on C. depends on D. holds on
18. His idea ______ to be right though some people complained much about that at first.
A) turned over B) turned down C) turned up D) turned out
19. Soccer is a wonderful game for children. It _______ great exercise，such as running and kicking. （2015河南中考）
A. provides B. remains C. practises D. receives
20. Jane is very busy these days, for she has a lot of problems to _______. （2015河南中考）
A. deal with B. keep up with C. agree with D. come up with
21. -What should we do for the disabled children in the Children’s Home? （2015黄冈中考） -You are supposed to _______ a study group to help them.
A. take up B. fix up C. set up D. stay up
22. It was such a funny show that people couldn't help ____________again and again.
A. laugh B. to laugh C. laughing D. laughedwww.shanpow.com_take中考短语。
23. — It's time for the weather report. Could I _____________ the TV, Dad?
— Go ahead, please. I also want to know about the weather for tomorrow.
A. turn on B. turn off C. turn down D. turn up
24. Jimmy has sixteen broken bikes to _______ and give away to kids who don’t have bikes.
A. fix up B. set up C. put up
25. -- Smoking is bad for your health.
--You're right. I decide to_________.
A. take it down B. find it out C. turn it off D. give it up
26. Mrs. Wang always asks us to _____ conversations in the English classes．
A．make up B．turn up C．end up D．look up
27. We should learn how to ______well with people around us.
A. get along B. get down C. get to D. get up
28. — I don’t think we can find a new day to work out the problem.
— But we’d better not .
A. end up B. hand out C. give up D. put out
29. Lee all night in order to watch the football match between France and Italy.
A. put up B. stayed up C. got up D. showed up
30. —Excuse me, Sir. But smoking is not allowed here.
— Sorry, I didn’t see the sign. I’ll my cigarette at once.
A. put out B. put away C. put up D. put off
31. Don’t forget to take your bag when youthe bus.
A. get off B. take off C. turn off D. put off
32. More and more students ______ too much homework and they are really tired of it.
A. complain about B. care about C. learn about D. hear about
33. —Hi, Ann! I won the first prize in the English Speech Contest.
—Congratulations! And I guess your parents must _____ you.
A. be mad at B. be proud of C. be angry with D. be impolite to
34. The workers in the Huashan Mountains have to ______ rubbish to keep the mountains clean.
A. turn up B. pick up C. mix up D. give up
35. We have never visited the museum, but we have ______ it.
A. stood for B. belonged to C. heard about D. kept to
36. He failed in the math test and looks sad. Let's
A. put him up B. set him up C. cheer him up D.clean him up
37. – Please ____________ the paper, Jimmy!
–But 1 haven't checked It yet, Mr. Black.
A. hand in B. take out C. look at D. go through
38. The school sports meeting will be ______ because of the heavy rain.
A) put off B) put on C) put out D) put up
39. Many students have to _____ their hobbies because of their busy school work.
A) stay up B) put up C) give up D) look up
40. Ladies and gentlemen, attention, please. The plane will ______ in ten minutes.
A) take off
A) look for B) take up B) look after C) set out C) look up D) set up D) look at
D) put down
D) take up 41. You should ________ the right meaning of the word in the dictionary. 42. An English short play will be _______ at the Children's Palace during the winter holidays. A) put on B) put in C) put up A) look up B) pick up C) put up 43. your hand if you have any question, The underlined word means ―_______‖.
44. The old man at the bus stop found it difficult for him to _______ the crowded bus.
A) get up B) get on C) get off D) get along
45. You should never jump to conclusions. Please _______ before you decide.
A) show it off
A) stay up
--- Oh, I am sorry.
A) Take out B) Take off C) Keep out
答案：1A 2C 3C 4C 5C
6A 7B 8B 9A 10C
11B 12A 13A 14C 15B
16A 17C 18D 19A 20A
21C 22C 23A 24A 25D
26A 27A 28C 29B 30A
31A 32A 33B 34B 36C
37A 38A 39C 40A 41C
42A 43C 44C 45D 46A
47D
D) Keep off B) throw it away B) take up C) give it up C) wake up D) think it over D) get up 46. Don’t ______ too late, or you’ll feel tired in tomorrow’s class. 47. --- Mind your steps! Don’t you see the words ―______ the grass‖?
情景交际
1. -Don’t throw plastic bags towards the animals in the zoo. （2015上海中考） -_______.
A. All right. B. My pleasure. C. Not at all. D. Don’t mention it
2. -Our basketball team will beat theirs and win the match. （2015重庆中考） -_______. Your team is the best in our city.
A. I’m afraid not. B. I believe so. C. Of course not. D. Well done!
3. -Too bad you didn’t go to the beach with us. It was so much fun there! You must go next time. （2015南京中考）
-_______. I don’t think I’ll have any fun. I can’t swim.
A. Yes, please. B. No, thanks. C. You’re welcome. D. My pleasure.
4. —Can't you stay until Monday？(2014，宜昌)
—____，but I have an appointment on Sunday.
A．No problem B．I'm afraid not
C．I'd love to D．No，I can't
5. -Let’s go swimming. （2015武汉中考）
-_______.
A. It’s a pleasure. B. You’re welcome. C. Thanks a lot. D. It’s a good idea.
6. -Could I borrow you bike please? （2015武汉中考）
-_______.
A. Of course you can. B. It doesn’t matter. C. Yes, I’d love to. D. No, thank you.
7. -I have passed my driving test. （2015南昌中考）
-_______.So you are going to buy a car.
A. You did! B. Good idea! C. That’s OK. D. Congratulations!
8. -Hurry up, or we will miss the sea lion show in the Ocean Park. （2015广东中考） -_______. We still have fifteen minutes before the show begins.
A. Take it easy. B. Good luck. C. I guess so. D. Take care.
9. -I haven’t been to the science museum for a long time. What about you? （2015黄冈中考） -_______. Could you go with me this weekend?
A. Me too. B. Me neither. C. So have I. D. Me either.
10. -My robot has caught a virus and it has gone wrong. （2015江苏南通中考） -_______. You’d better have it checked.
A. Don’t mention it. B. No problem. C. I’m sorry to hear that. D. That’s OK.
11. -I don’t like showers or windy weather. （2015山东潍坊中考）
-_______.
A. Me too. B. Me neither. C. So do I. D. Neither I do.
12. -The radio says it will rain next Sunday. （2015呼和浩特中考）
-_______. We’re going for a picnic that day.
A. I hope it will. B. I’m afraid not. C. I don’t think so. D. I hope not.
13. —My mother has been ill for several days.
—____(2014，铜仁)
A．That's too bad. B．I'm sorry to hear that.
C．How terrible! D．Never mind.
14. —Bill，can I get you anything to drink?
—____．(2014，黄冈)
A．You are welcome B．No problem
C．I wouldn't mind a coffee D．It doesn't matter
15. —Would you mind not putting your bike here？An English party will be held here. —____．I'll put it somewhere else.
A．Not at all B．Yes，I'd love to
C．Certainly D．Of course
16. —Mum，I've got the first prize in the photo competition.
—____(2014，黔西南)
A．Good luck! B．Not at all.
C．Good idea! D．Congratulations!
17. —Mike，thank you for driving me home.
—_____.Have a nice day！(2014，温州)
A．That's right B．I'm afraid not
C．You're welcome D．It's a good idea
18. —Our team won the game yesterday.
—___！
A．Well done B．Good luck
C．Don't mention it D．That's OK
19. —I'm going to take part in China's Got Talent next month.
—__ _！I am sure you will win. (2014，广东)
A．Never mind B．Good luck
C．What a pity D．My pleasure
20. —My new iPhone was stolen when I took a bus yesterday.
—__ _.(2014，梅州)
A．I'm sorry to hear that B．It doesn't matter
C．Don't be silly D．I'd love to
21. —I'm sorry that I shouted at you this morning.
—_ _，but please don't get angry so often.(2013，泰州)
A．All right B．No problem
C．Never mind D．With pleasure
22. —Would you mind my opening the window?
—_ _It's much too hot here.(2014，黔西南)
A．Certainly. B．Of course not.
C．All right. D．Yes，you can.
23. —May I speak to Rachel?
—_ _，but I'm afraid you have the wrong number.(2014，内江)
A．Yes，please B．Hold on C．This is Tom D．Sorry
24. —Would you like some milk?
—___.(2013，安徽)
A．Yes，please B．The same to you
C．Help yourself D．My pleasure
25.—Help yourself to some more meat，Linda.
【三】:中考英语语法知识点
掌握好英语的每个语法知识点是很重要的。下面是小编收集整理的中考英语语法知识点以供大家学习。
中考英语语法知识点之被动语态
1. 被动语态的基本时态变化
被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be+过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：
1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时
例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.
2) has /have been done 现在完成时
例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start.
3) am/is /are being done 现在进行时
例A new cinema is being built here.
4) was/were done 一般过去时
例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.
5) had been done 过去完成时
例 By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.
6) was/were being done 过去进行时
例A meeting was being held when I was there.
7) shall/will be done 一般将来时
例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.
8) should/would be done 过去将来时
例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.
9) shall/will have been done 将来完成时(少用)
例The project will have been completed before July.
2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式
1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词+be+过去分词。
例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.
2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。
例His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为 He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.
3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。
例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.
4)在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。
例Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改为A stranger was seen to walk into the building.
5) 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词+介词”，“动词+副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。
例The meeting is to be put off till Friday.
3. 非谓语动词的被动语态
v.+ing 形式及不定式 to do 也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态) 。
例I don't like being laughed at in the public.
中考英语语法知识点之如何使用被动语态
学习被动语态时，不仅要知道被动语态的各种语法结构，还要知道在哪些情况中使用被动语态。
1. 讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者 (这时可省 by 短语)。
例 My bike was stolen last night.
2. 借助被动的动作突出动作的执行者。
例 I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should accept the offer.
3. 为了更好地安排句子。
例The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. (一个主语就够了)
It is said that+从句及其他类似句型
一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think等可以用于句型“It+be+过去分词+that从句”或“主语+be+过去分词+to do sth.”。有：
It is said that… 据说,It is reported that…据报道，It is believed that…大家相信，It is hoped that…大家希望，It is well known that…众所周知，It is thought that…大家认为，It is suggested that…据建议。
例It is said that the boy has passed the national exam. (=The boy is said to have passed the national exam. )
谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义
1.英语中有很多动词如 break，catch，clean，drive，lock，open，sell，read，write，wash等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式 表达被动意义,主语通常是物。
例 This kind of cloth washes well.
注意：主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。
试比较：The door won't lock. (指门本身有毛病)
The door won't be locked. (指不会有人来锁门, 指“门没有锁”是人的原因)
2. 表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语，如：happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out等以主动形式表示被动意义。
例 How do the newspapers come out? 这些报纸是如何引出来的呢?
3. 系动词没有被动形式, 但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel, sound, taste, book, feel等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。
中考英语语法知识点之主动语态与被动语态的区别
在主动语态中，主语后面接人(be +动词原型)
被动语态(be+动词过去分词)
在主动语态中，主语是谓语动词的使动方。在被动语态中，主语是谓语动词的受动方。
在语法结构上，主动语态和被动语态的区别主要在于，主动语态直接使用动词原形作为谓语，然后再在该动词原形的基础上施加时态和其他语法;而被动语态则使用系词+动词的过去分词作为谓语，各种时态和其他语法也施加在系词上。
举例：
1.主动语态：The snowslide killed him. 雪崩害死了他。
被动语态：He was killed by the snowslide. 他死于雪崩。
2.主动语态：We use electricity to run machines. 我们用电力来开动机器。
被动语态：Electricity is used to run machines. 电力被我们用来开动机器。
3.主动语态：Bell invented the telephone in 1876.贝尔于1876年发明了电话。
被动语态：The telephone was invented by Bell in1876.电话是贝尔于1876年发明的。
中考英语语法知识点之主动形式表示被动意义
大家都知道，用被动语态(形式)来表达被动意义，但有些句子用的却是主动形式，表达的却是被动意义。下面我们就来总结一下常见的用主动形式表示被动意义的几种形式。
1.连系动词(如：feel,taste,sound,smell,look等)用主动形式表示被动意义。如：
This material feels very soft. 这块材料摸上去很柔软。
This apple tastes good. 这个苹果尝起来很好吃。
2. 有些表示主语内在性质或性能的不及物动词常与一些副词连用，用一般现在时的主动形式表示被动意义，其主语一般为事物。这些动词有：sell,read, write,wash,wear,last等。如：
The pen writes smoothly 这支笔写起来很流畅。
This kind of food sells well. 这种食物很畅销。
3. 动词need, want, require表示"需要时"，后接动名词或不定式的被动式表示被动意义。如：
Your room needs cleaning/to be cleaned. 你的房间需要打扫一下。
My house requires repairing/to be cleaned. 我的房子需要修理一下。
4. 在"be worth doing"短语中，动作与主语之间存在动宾关系，用主动形式表示被动意义。如：
This book is well worth reading 这本书很值得一读。
5. 在"主语 +be + adj +to do"这个句型中，不定式动作与主语之间存在动宾关系，则用主动形式表示被动意义。如：
This question is hard to answer. 这个问题很难回答。
English is easy to learn. 英语很好学。
6. Won't或wouldn't表示"不愿"时，后面的动词常用主动形式表示被动意义。如：
The door won't open. 这门就是打不开。
This box wouldn't move. 这个盒子就是移不动。
