【www.shanpow.com--说明文】
【一】:常用词组加例句
01. account for
[1]说明（原因等）；
EG： His illness account for his absence from school.他因病未能去上学。
That accounts for it.原来如此。
[2]（将保管的款项）记账；[3]对……负责（ answer for ）。
02. add up to
[1]合计，总计（amount to ，count up to ）；
EG： These figures add up to 117.
[2]结果。
03. allow for
[1]考虑到（take into consideration）；
[2]原谅，体谅。
EG： You should allow for his youth.你应当体谅他还年轻。
04. arrive at
**在表示到达的具体含义时，arrive at/in =get to =reach ；在表示达成等抽象含义时，只用arrive at或reach.。
05. ask after探望，问候
EG： She asked after your health.她问候你。
06. ask for
[1]（向人）请求见面；[2]央求。EG： ask for help.
07. avail （oneself） of利用（机会等）
EG： You must avail yourself of every opportunity to speak foreign languages.
08. back up
[1]支持，援助；[2]倒退，后退；[3]使（交通等）停滞；（车子）倒车；[4]支撑（身体等）。
09. bear/keep in mind记住
EG： We have no vacations now， but we‘ll certainly bear your application in mind.
010. break away （from）脱离，逃跑
EG： He considered breaking away from the clan.他考虑同那伙人分道扬镳。
**break away （from） & get away from都是vi.
前者—Escape with a sudden violent effort.
后者—Escape from the scene of a crime or from being caught.
011. break down损坏，分解，瓦解
另有：[1]（元气等）受挫，筋疲力尽，（健康）衰弱；[2]（感情）失控，（因伤心过度而）哭泣；[3]分析，分类。
012. break in
[1]强行进入，闯入；[2]（on）打断，插嘴；[3]驯服（动物等）。
013. break into
[1]闯入；[2]突然打断（话）。
014. break off
[1]断绝，结束；[2]中断；[3]绝交，突然停止（工作等），突然脱离。
015. break out
[1]爆发，突然发生（战争、火灾、事故等）；[2]脱逃。
016. break through
[1]突破（障碍等）；[2]（太阳）从云中出现。
017. break up
[1]中止，结束；[2]打碎，拆散；[3]（身体）变虚弱，衰弱；[4]崩溃，损坏。
018. bring about带来，造成（=give rise to， lead to， result to ）
019. bring down
[1]打倒，挫伤；
EG： The wind brought down a number of trees.
[2]降低；
EG： Good Harvest will bring down the price.
[3]卸下（行李、货物）；
[4]使蒙受（责罚等）〈on〉；
[5]继续，持续（记录）〈to〉；
020. bring forth
[1]产生；
EG：Trees bring forth fruit.
[2]提出。
EG：bring forth a question.
021. bring forward
[1]提出；
EG： Can you bring forward any proof of what you said ？
[2]（簿记）过次，转入下页；[3]（日期等）提早，提前。
022. bring out
[1]使出现，使明显；
EG： This essay fully brings out his ability.这篇论文充分显示出他的才能。www.shanpow.com_Hard词组。
[2]公布，出版。bring out a new book[3]把某人（尤其指女孩）引进社交界；[4]发挥（才能等）。 023. bring to
[1]使恢复知觉；
EG： A glass of water brought him to.
[2]停船，使停船。
024. bring up教育，培养，使成长
[1]提出（证据、计划等）；[2]突然停（车等），使（船）停泊；[3]引起注意；[4]吐出（食物）；[5]继续进一步（说明等）。
025. bring/put…into practice实施，实行
026. build up
[1]树立，逐步建立；[2]增进，锻炼；[3]积累，堵塞；[4]赞扬。
027. burn out
[1]燃尽（物品）烧光；[2]（房屋等）失火，烧尽。
028. burn up
[1]烧尽，烧完；
EG： He burned up all the books after the failure in the entrance examination.
[2]烧起来，旺起来；[3]（美国俗语）大发雷霆。
029. call for
[1]要求，需要；
EG： The job calls for patience.
[2]邀请，去取（接）；
EG： I‘ll call for you at your house.我将到你家去找你。
[3]求援。
030. call forth
[1]引起，唤起；
EG： The proposals called forth a good deal of hostile criticism.这些建议引起许多敌意的批评。
[2]振作起，鼓起。
call forth all one‘s energies全力以赴
031. call off取消，放弃（cancel）
EG： He phoned me and called the appointment off.
032. call on/upon
[1]拜访（某人）；[2]要求做…（to do）；
call on him for a speech = call on him to make a speech
[3]请求。
033. call up
[1]召集，动员；应征入伍；[2]使人想起call up scenes of childhood ring up；[3]打电话=ring up；[4]起床。 034. can‘t /couldn’t help禁不住，不得不
I can‘t help laughing （+动名词） / but
laugh （but+动词原形）
035. care for
[1]照料，照顾；
[2]（主要用于疑问句和否定句中）喜好，希望；
EG： Do you care for cheese？你喜欢奶酪吗？
[3]忧虑，担心。
036. carry off
[1]夺去；
EG： Tom carried off all the school prizes.
[2]渡过，完成；[3]勇敢地面对，坚持。
037. carry on
[1]继续下去，坚持下去；[2]从事，经营；
EG： The baker has carried on business here for years.面包师傅在此地经营了许多年。
[3]（口语）出丑，惊慌；[4]（口语）与…调情，调戏；[5]加油；继续（中断的工作等）。 038. carry out贯彻，执行，实现
carry out one‘s promise实现承诺
carry out experiments做实验
039. carry /bring into effect实行，实现
=accomplish
040. cast /shade / throw light on/upon对…加以说明，澄清
041. catch fire =take fire开始燃烧
042. catch on [1]理解，明白；
EG： I catch on to the job gradually.渐渐地我明白这工作怎么做了。
[2]受欢迎，流行。
043. catch one‘s breath吓一跳，屏息
044. catch one‘s eye引人注目
045. catch sight of看到
046. catch up with
[1]追上，赶上；
EG： Work hard and you will catch up with your class.
【二】:set的词组短语
常用词组
set about 1. 开始：开始或出发 Set about solving the problem.手解决问题
set apart 1. 留出，拨出：留出以备专用 2. 使引人注目 Character traits that set her apart. 使她引人注目的个性
set aside 1. 留出，拨出：分开或留出以备专用 2. 抛弃，放弃 3. 废除：声明无用、取消或否决
The court has set aside the conviction.法庭宣告无罪 set at 1. 打击或袭击 The dogs set at the fox. 狗群冲向狐狸 set back 1. 阻止：减慢进程；妨碍
2. 【非正式用语】 花费 That coat set me back $1,000.那件衣服花了我1,000美元
set by 1. 保留为将来之用
It is wise to set food and money by in case of a future emergency为将来紧急情况贮备食物和钱是明智的
set down 1. 坐：使坐；坐下
Set the baby down here.让小孩坐这儿
2. 记录：写下；记录
We set down the facts.我们记下事实
3. 把…归于：由…引起；把…归于
Just set him down as a sneak.当他是个阴险的人
Let's set the error down to inexperience.让我们把错误归于没有经验
4. 着陆：（飞机）着陆
5. The pilot set the plane down hard.飞行员艰难地使飞机着陆 set forth
1. 提出：提出想法；建议
Set forth a sound plan.提出一个合理的计划
表达：用语言表达
2. She has set forth her ideas.她已经表达出了想法
set forward
1. 开始旅程
set in
1. 插入
Set in the sleeve of a gown.插入礼服袖子中
2. 开始：开始发生或出现
“Evening was setting in as I took the road over Mountain Top”( -- Charles Siebert)
“当我行于山顶公路时夜幕降临”( -- 查尔斯〃谢伯特)
3. （风）水向岸（吹）流：移向岸边。用于风和水
set off 1. 爆炸：引起爆炸
Set off a chemical reaction.发生化学反应
Set off a bomb.炸弹爆炸
2. 区分：指出不同；区分
Features setting him off from the crowd.使他与人群分开的特征
3. 强调： 通过对比引起注意；强调
Set off a passage with italics.用斜体字强调一段
4. 开始旅程
Set off for Europe. 开始欧洲之旅
set out
1. 着手：开始一个热切的计划；着手
He set out to understand why the plan had failed.他开始明白为什
么计划失败了
2. 生动形象地摆出
Set out a terrace.画出地形
3. 展览：为展览或出售而摆设
4. 种
Set out seedlings.种小树
5. 开始旅程
She set out at dawn for town.她日出时出发去镇上
set to
1. 开始干起来：热忱地开始工作；开始 2. 开始战斗 set up
1. 直立：放于竖直位置
2. 组装：集合并装配
They set the general up as a dictator.他们赋与将军指挥者的权力 He has set himself up as an authority on the English language. 他自称是英语专家
Set up a new machine.组装一台新机器
3. 建立
Set up a charity.建立一家慈善机构
4. 引起，使产生
They set up howls of protest over new taxes.他们发起反对新税的吼声
5. 开始经商：通过提供资本、设备或其它支持而建立企业 6. 为（饮料）付账
7. 【非正式用语】 刺激或鼓励
A victory that really set the team up.胜利鼓舞了球队 8. 计划：制定计划
Set up a kidnapping. 策划绑架
9. 【非正式用语】 哄骗：通过欺骗使（他人）妥协
Swindlers have set me up 骗子骗了我
set upon
1. 强烈打击
Guards set dogs upon the escaping prisoners.
守卫让狗攻击逃犯
set one's heart (或 hopes) on
1. 渴望
She had her heart set on going to university.
她渴望上大学。
set out one's stall
1. 展现才艺
He wanted to set out his stall as someone who would balance the books and create a firm financial situation.
他想要展现才能，让人知道他是能使收支平衡，能创造稳固的财政态势的人。
set sail 1. 张帆
set one's teeth 1. 咬紧牙关
set the wheels in motion 1. 开展；实施
make a dead set at 1. (英)坚决要赢得…的青睐
set someone against 1. 使反对；使敌视
He hadn't meant any harm but his few words had set her against him. 他毫无恶意，但他的几句话使她敌视他。
set something against 1. 用…抵消
Wives' allowances can henceforth be set against investment income. 今后妻子们的补贴可以用投资收益来抵消。
set someone apart 1. 使凸显；使与众不同 His try-scoring ability and self-effacing modesty have set him apart.
他带球触对方端线的得分能力和谦虚精神使他鹤立鸡群。
set something apart
1. 分开；拨出
There were books and rooms set apart as libraries.
有些书和房间留作图书馆之用。www.shanpow.com_Hard词组。
set something aside
1. 留出；拨出
The bank expected to set aside about $700 million for restructuring. 银行预计拨出七亿美元用于重组。
2. 撤销；废止
set someone/thing back
1. 推迟；阻碍
This incident undoubtedly set back research.
这一事件无疑阻碍了研究。
2. (非正式)（购买）使花费
That must have set you back a bit.
那一定让你花费了不少吧。www.shanpow.com_Hard词组。
set something by
1. (古，美)留出备用
set someone down
1. 停车并让人下车
set something down
1. 写下，记下
set something forth
1. 陈述；描述
The principles and aims set forth in the Social Charter. 社会宪章中所述的原则和目标。
set something in 1. 把（尤指袖子）插入衣服
set someone off 1. 使开始做（尤指使人发笑或议论）
Anything will set him off laughing.任何事都能把他逗笑。 set something off 1. 引爆炸弹
2. 衬托出；使显眼
3. A pink carnation set off nicely by a red bow tie and cream shirt. 红色蝶形领结和奶油色衬衫映衬下的粉红色康乃馨。
set something off against
1. 同上面set something against
set on(或upon)
1. 袭击
set someone/thing on (或 upon)
1. 唆使人袭击；让动物袭击
I was asked to leave and threatened with having dogs set upon me. 我被要求离开，并被威胁说要放狗咬我。
set something out
1. 排列；陈列
set someone up
1. 扶持；使掌权
His father set him up in business.
他父亲在生意上大力扶持他。
2. 使恢复健康
After my operation the doctor recommended a cruise to set me up again.
手术之后医生建议我去旅行以便恢复健康。
3. (非正式)冤枉；诬陷
Suppose Lorton had set him up for Newley's murder?.
假如罗顿诬陷他谋杀了牛莱呢？。
set something up
【三】:hardly的用法和短语例句
hardly有几乎不;简直不;刚刚等意思，那么你知道hardly的用法吗?下面跟着学习啦小编一起来学习一下，希望对大家的学习有所帮助!
hardly的用法大全：
hardly的用法1：hardly是具有否定意义的副词,基本意思是“几乎不,几乎没有,很少”。修饰表示能力的词,可表示事实上不可能,暗示“困难”之意。
hardly的用法2：hardly常修饰动态动词或系表结构,位于实义动词之前,系动词、情态动词、第一个助动词之后。hardly也可修饰名词、代词、形容词。hardly位于句首时,句子须借助助动词构成倒装语序。
hardly的用法3：hardly本身含有否定意味,句中不可再使用其他否定词,用于反意疑问句时,附加问句需用肯定式。
hardly的用法4：hardly常用于hardly had...when结构,意为“刚…就…”,表示一件事紧接着一件事发生,与过去完成时连用。when引导时间状语从句时,主句一般用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时。hardly置于句首时,助动词had要放在主句的主语前。
hardly的用法5：hardly常与any连用,意为“几乎没有”。
hardly的常用短语：
用作副词 (adv.)
hardly ever
几乎从不,很少,难得 very seldom
He hardly ever goes to bed before eleven o'clock. 他很少在11点以前上床。
I had hardly ever gone out these days. 这些天我很少出去。
hardly的用法例句：
1. The ward was busy and Amy hardly had time to talk.
病房里非常忙碌，埃米几乎没有时间说话。
2. My eyes were so swollen I could hardly see.
我的眼睛肿得很厉害，几乎看不到东西。
3. Their two faces were hardly more than eighteen inches apart.
他俩的脸相隔还不到18英寸。
4. Half-ruined, hardly a building untouched, it's a desolate place.
这里大半遭毁，几乎没有一栋建筑完好无损，变成了一块荒废之地。
5. He appeared hardly capable of conducting a coherent conversation.
他好像连话都说不清楚。
6. Far from being relaxed, we both felt so uncomfortable we hardly spoke.
我们两人非但没有放松，反而都感觉很不自在，几乎没有说话。
7. The player was given hardly any opportunities to show off his talents.
那位选手几乎没有得到什么机会展示自己的天赋。
8. My hand shook so much that I could hardly hold the microphone.
我的手抖得如此厉害，几乎都拿不住麦克风了。
9. Such a statement was hardly calculated to deter future immigrants.
这样的声明不太可能吓住将来的移民。
10. We have our native inborn talent, yet we hardly use it.
我们有天生的才能，但我们却几乎未曾使用过。
11. The 14lb feline is so fat she can hardly walk.
这只14磅的猫这么胖，几乎连路都走不动了。
12. He slammed the door and stormed off. I could hardly blame him.
他砰的一声关上门，气呼呼地走了。也难怪他会这么做。
13. Bethan's round, rosy face seemed hardly to have aged at all.
贝唐红扑扑的圆脸看起来似乎一点也没有变老。
14. Small English orchards can hardly compete economically with larger French ones.
英国的小型果园很难在经济上和法国的大型果园竞争。
15. Middlesex cricketers Gatting and Emburey are hardly flavour of the month.
米德尔塞克斯郡板球选手盖廷和恩伯里很难说是当红人物。
