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【一】:it的用法归纳
• Never be afraid of grammar
• Collect some examples;
• Watch them very carefully;
• Find out something in common;
• Try to use the rules ---- practise.
it用法完全归纳
一、it 作人称代词的用法
1. 指事物
作为人称代词，it 可以除人以外的一切事物或动物。如： I dropped my watch and it broke. 我把手表掉在地上摔坏了。 It’s hard work, but I enjoy it. 工作很辛苦，可是我乐意干。 “Where is the dog?” “It’s in the bedroom. ” “狗在哪?”“在卧室里”。
2. 指人
it 指人主要用于指不性别不明的婴儿或用于确认某人的身份。如：
Is it a boy or a girl? 是男孩还是女孩?
There is a knock on the door. It must be the postman. 有人在敲门，一定是邮递员。
【说明】在答语中，常用来指本人，如说 It’s me。
3. 代替某些代词
代词 it 还可用于代替指示代词this, that 以及复合不定代词 something, anything, nothing等。如：
“What’s this?” “It’s a new machine. ” “这是什么?”“是一种新机器”。
Nothing is wrong, is it? 没出什么问题，是吗?
二、it 作非人称代词的用法
1. 基本用法
it 作非人称代词的用法，主要用于指时间、距离、价值、天气、气候及温度等自然现象。如：
It’s too late to go there now. 现在去那儿已经太迟了。
It rained all day yesterday. 昨天下了一天的雨。
It can get very hot here. 这里有时会很热。
2. 用于某些句型
It’s time for sth. 该做某事了。
It’s time to do sth. 该做某事的时候了。
It’s time for sb to do sth. 某人该干某事了。
It’s (about / high) time + that-从句. 某人该做某事了。(从句谓语用过去式，有时也用“should+动词原形”)
It’s first (second) time + that-从句. 某人第几次干某事。(从句谓语用现在完成时)
It’s + 时间段 + since-从句. 自从……有一段时间了。
It’s + 时间段 + before-从句. 过多长的时间才……
三、it用作形式主语
1. 基本用法
当不定式、动名词、从句等复杂成分用作句子主语时，为保持句子平衡，通常把真正的主语放在句末，而在句首使用形式主语it。如：
It’s very important to remember this. 记住这一点很重要。
It’s hard work climbing mountains. 爬山是费劲的事。
It’s unknown when he will come. 他什么时候来还不知道。
2. 用作形式主语的的重要句型
(1) It + be + adj. for (of) sb to do sth 某人做某事……
It is hard for him to make up his mind. 他很难下定决心。
It was foolish of her to say such a thing. 她说那样的话，真是太蠢了。
【说明】介词 of 与 for 的区别是：of 用于指某人的性格、属性、特征等，介词for表示对象，意为“对……来说” (from )。
(2) It takes sb + 时间段 + to do sth. 某人做某事花了……时间
It takes years to master a new language. 要花多年的时间才能掌握一门新的语言。
【说明】此句型可以有以下多变种变体：It took me an hour to write the letter. =The letter took me an hour (to write). =I took an hour to write the letter. 我写这封信花了一个小时。
(3) It is up to sb to do sth. 该由某人做某事
It’s up to you to to make the choice. 得由你来作选择。
(4) it look (seem, appear, happen, occur) that [as if]„ 似
乎……
It seemed as though he didn’t recognize me. 他似乎没认出我来。
It happened that I was out when he called. 他打电话时我碰巧不在家。
(5) If it were not for„ / If it hadn’t been for„ 若不是因
为……
If it were not for their help, we couldn’t have got over the
difficulties. 要不是他们帮助，这些困难我们不克服不了的。
四、it用作形式宾语
1. 基本用法
当不定式、动名词、从句等复杂成分用作宾语且其后跟有宾语补足语时，通常会在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语，而将真正的宾语移至句末。其基本结构为“动词+it+宾语补足语+不定式(动名词或从句)”。如：
I find it difficult to do the job well. 我发现做好这件事不容
易。
I think it best that you should stay here. 我认为你最好住这
儿。
We think it no use complaining. 我们认为抱怨是没有用的。
2. 用作形式宾语的几个特殊结构
(1) 动词+ it + that-从句。如：
I like it that you came. 你来了，我很高兴。
I take it (that) he will come on time. 我认为他会准时来的。 You can put it that it was arranged before. 你可以说这是以前安排的。
Rumor has it that the defence minister will soon resign. 据传
闻，国防部长不久就要辞职。
【说明】能用于此结构的动词不多，常见的有 have, take, put, like 等。
(2) 动词 + it + when (if)-从句。如：
I dislike it when you whistle. 我不爱听你吹口哨。(from
)
【二】:各种固定搭配的用法
一、动词原形（do）
1、 let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
2、 make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事（带有命令或者迫使的意思）
3、 help sb. do sth. 帮助某人做某事
4、 can/can’t/must/needn’t/should/shouldn’t/may do sth.
情态动词后要加动词原形
5、 had better do sth. 最好做某事
6、 have to do sth. 不得不做某事
7、 Why not / Why don’t you do sth. 为什么不做某事
8、 Would you please do （Would you please 是祈使句的前缀，后面跟动词原形开头的祈使句）
二、不定式（to do）
1、want (sb) to do sth.想要（某人）做某事=would like to do sth.
2、have time to do sth.有时间做某事
3、It is time for sb to do sth.是某人做某事的时间了
4、forget to do 忘记做某事
5、remember to do 记得要做某事
6、…enough to do 足够做某事
例句： He is old enough to go to school. 他到了上学的年龄了。（他足够可以去上学的年龄了。）
7、try to do / try one’s best to do尝试做某事/尽某人全力做某事
8、need (sb / sth) to do 需要（某人）做某事
9、It is + adj + to do sth. 做某事是怎么样的。
例句： It’s good to get up early. 早起是好的。（主语后置）
10、tell / ask sb to do 告诉/要求某人做某事
11、tell / ask sb not to do告诉/要求某人不要做某事
12、It’s one’s turn to do 轮到某人做某事。
13、how / when / which (疑问句) to do 常用于从句
14、Can you tell me how to make model planes？ 你能告诉我如何做模型飞机吗？
15、hope to do 希望做某事
16、invite （sb.）to do 邀请（某人）做某事
17、It takes sb. ……to do 做某事花了某人……
18、It takes Liu Tao half an hour to get to school by bus. 坐公交去学校花费了刘涛半小时。
19、plan to do 计划做某事
20、get ready to do 准备好做某事
21、use sth to do sth 用……做某事
22、learn to do 学习做某事
23、stop to do 停止去做某事www.shanpow.com_practise的用法。
24、be excited to do 兴奋地做某事
25、It’s one’s…time to do sth 是某人做某事的时间了。
例句： It’s your time to sing this English song.
26、It’s difficult to do sth. 做……有困难。
例句：It’s difficult to play Tai Chi.
27、Little Tom is not old enough to go to school.小汤姆还没到上学的年龄。
28、too ……to 太……不能
Little Tom is too young to go to school.小汤姆太年轻而不能上学。
三、doing
go running / fishing / swimming / shopping 去 跑步/钓鱼/游泳/购物
Thanks / Thank you for doing 谢谢你做某事
enjoy doing 喜欢做某事
like / love / dislike / hate doing 喜欢/喜爱/不喜欢/讨厌做某事
spend ……doing 花费……做某事
★look forward to doing 期盼做某事
be busy doing 忙于做某事
practise doing 练习做某事
have fun / enjoy oneself / have a good time doing 愉快地做某事
by/ with/ without/ after/ before/ in/ for/ doing(介词) 介宾结构
finish doing 完成做某事
see sb (宾格) doing 看见某人正在做某事
How about / what about doing 做某事怎么样
be interested in doing 对做某事感兴趣
stop doing 停止做某事
做主语
Taking exercise every day is important.
Walking to school takes me 30 minutes.
容易混淆的固定搭配
1、 stop doing 停止做正在做的事情。 如：stop talking 停止讲话
stop to do 停下手头的事去做另一件事。 如：stop to look at the blackboard 停下来然后看黑板。
2、
3、 spend ……doing sth. =spend on sth. 花费……做某事 forget/remember to do 忘记/记得要做某事（还没做）
forget/remember doing sth. 忘记/记得做了某事
【三】:practice的用法
practice有练习;实行;习惯;业务等意思，那么你知道practice的用法吗?下面跟着小编一起来学习一下，希望对大家的学习有所帮助!
practice的用法大全：
practice的用法1：practice在英式英语中只作名词，动词为practise，而在美式英语中，practice可作名词或动词，practise很少见;
practice的用法2：practice作名词，前面有形容词时，冠词a可加可不加。
It is (a) good practice to get up early.
早起是一个好习惯。
practice的用法3：practice作名词，前面无定冠词the时，后跟介词in，而有定冠词the时，后跟介词of，例：practice in composition，the practice of composition;
practice的用法4：practice作动词表示“练习(乐器)”时，可直接用practice，或practice (up)on，也可以practice at，例如practice the piano，practice (up)on the piano，practiceat the piano;
practice的用法5：practice后面跟动名词，而不跟不定式。
practice的用法例句：
1. His hands were rough and calloused, from years of karate practice.
由于多年练习空手道，他的双手粗糙不平，布满老茧。
2. The ministers expressed dismay at the continued practice of ethnic cleansing.www.shanpow.com_practise的用法。
部长们表达了对持续进行的种族清洗的忧虑。
3. In practice a graduate tax is an administrative nightmare.
毕业税具体操作起来不啻一场行政噩梦。
4. Educational practice is liable to sudden swings and changes.
教学实践中经常会出现突然的变化与改革。
5. All members of the association adhere to a strict code of practice.
协会的所有成员都遵守一套严格的行为规范。
6. In practice, workers do not work to satisfy their needs.
事实上，工人工作并不是为了满足本身的需要。
7. I eventually realized I had to change my attitude toward medical practice.
我终于认识到自己不得不改变对医务工作的看法。
8. There developed a practice that came to a tragic and terrible end.
逐渐形成了一种做法，其结局却很悲惨。
9. In recent years, doctors have been trained specifically for general practice.
近些年来，已有医生接受专门培训从事全科诊疗。
10. It is normal practice not to reveal details of a patient's condition.
不透露患者病情的细节是惯常的做法。
11. This practice embarrassed Luther, but he let it pass without comment.
这种做法让卢瑟难堪，但是他未置一词。
12. During the Second World War the area was used for gunnery practice.
二战期间，该地区被用来操练火炮射击。
13. The practice is to keep on record any analysis of samples.
习惯上要把所有的样品分析记录在案。
14. I am not sure that this is sound democratic practice.
我不能肯定这是正确的民主行为。
15. The practice of religion in America sometimes seems strange to European eyes.
在欧洲人看来，美国人的宗教习俗有时很奇怪。
【四】:practise 的用法详解
practise的时态用法：过去式：practised; 过去分词：practised ;现在分词：practising.下面小编和大家讲解一下practise的语态用法。
practise对的用法1：用作及物动词时后面可接名词、动名词，不能接不定式。practise的基本意思是“练习”、“训练”，也可用来表示“实行”和“开业从事于”。如：
①She has been practising the some tune on the piano for nearly an hour.
她在钢琴上一直练同一个调子已近一个小时了。
②They”re practising singing the new song.
他们正在练习唱那首新歌。
③We practised pronouncing the sound again and again.
我们一遍又一遍地练习发这个音。
④It”s very important to practise listening.
练习听力是非常重要的。
⑤He practised tennis/the piano for two hours every day.
他每天下午练两个小时网球/钢琴。
⑥Our income is getting smaller and we have to practise economy.
我们的收入变少了，所以只好厉行节约。
⑦He began to practise medicine/the law in his early twenties.
他在二十刚出头时就开业行医/开始做律师了。
practise对的用法2：可用作不及物动词
① Practise more and you”ll make progress.
勤练习，你一定会进步的。
②Don” t forget to practise after class. 课后别忘了练习。www.shanpow.com_practise的用法。
【注意】 practise的名词是 practice，两词发音一样，practice为不可数名词。Practice makes perfect. 是一句谚语，意思是“熟能生巧”。 put the idea into practice表示“把思想付诸实践”。
Before she went abroad, she spent as much time as she could________English.
to practise to speak
practising speaking
to practise speaking
practising to speak
答：
B，在她出国之前，她用了很多时间练习英语。
这里考查两个动词的搭配。
第一个，spend time on sth/ in doing sth , in可省略，花时间做某事
第二个，practise 后接动名词，不接不定式。
practise 的用法详解相关文章：
1.practise 的用法详解
2.offer的用法
3.非谓语动词的语法知识点详解
4.动词suggest和Express的用法区别
【五】:英语短语not only … but also的用法
短语not only … but also在英语学习中经常见到，那你清楚它的用法吗?让小编来为你介绍，希望能对你有所帮助：
1、 not only 位于句首时, 该句的主语和谓语要部分倒装。
Not only does the sun give us light but also it gives us heat.
太阳不仅给了我们阳光, 也给了我们热量。
Not only did he speak English correctly, but also he speaks it fluently.
他不仅英语说的正确, 还说得流利。
Not only is this young man clever but also he is hardworking.
这个小伙子不仅聪明, 也很勤奋。
2、not only … but also 不能用在否定句中。例如：
他们既不怕苦, 也不怕死。
误 They don't fear not only hardship but also death.
正 They fear neither hardship nor death.
正 They don't fear either hardship or death.
3、not only … but also 连接两个名词作主语时, 谓语动词要根据but also 后的名词决定单、复数(就近原则)。例如：
Not only the students but also the teacher was against the plan.
不仅学生们, 还有那位老师都反对该项计划。(the teacher was...)
Not only the teacher but also the students were against the plan.
不仅那位老师, 还有学生们…… (the students were)
4、not only … but also 和两个部分, 通常必须是对称的并列成分。例如, 连接两个主语、连接两个状语等等。
Not only Mr Lin but also his son joined the Party two years ago.
不仅林先生而且他的儿子在两年前都入了党。(连接两个主语)
I not only play tennis but also practise shooting.
我不仅打网球, 还练习射击。 (连接两个谓语动词)
He plays not only the piano but also the violin.
他不仅弹钢琴, 也拉提琴。 (连接两个宾语)
They speak English not only in class but also in the dormitory.
他们不仅在课堂上说英语, 在宿舍里也说。(连接两个地点状语)
注意 ：下列句子是不规范的用法：
He not only plays the piano but also the violin.
因为not only plays the piano 与 but also the violin 在语法结构上不对称。
5. not only 不能拆开使用, 但 but also 却可以分开使用。例如：
The area was not only hit by an unexpected heavy rain, but some bridges were also washed away.
这个地区不仅受到了暴雨袭击，而且部分桥梁也被冲走了。
6、在not only...but also 搭配中，可以只用but 或只用also, 甚至可以把 but also 都省略掉。例如：
I not only heard it but ( also ) saw it.
我不仅听到了，而且看到了。
He was not only compelled to stay at home, ( but ) also forbidden to see his friend.
他不仅被近留在家里，还被禁止去看他的朋友。
She not only finished the task ahead of time, ( but also ) she came to help us.
她不仅提前完成了工作，还帮助我们。
7、还可以用 besides, furthermore, moreover, in addition 等替代 but also. 例如：
Not only was there no food, but also (或 furthermore, besides, moreover, in addition ) there was no water.
不仅没有食物，也没有水。
8、可以用 merely, just, simply 等替代 not only 中的 only. 例如：
They not merely ( 或 just, simply ) broke into his office and stole his books but also tore up his manus cripts.
他们不仅闯进了他的办公室，偷走了他的书，而且撕碎了他的手稿。
9、not only ... but also ... 相当于... as well as ... 结构。两者强调的都是后面那一部分的内容，翻译时 要先译 as well as 后面的词。例如：
The child is not only healthy but also lively.
( = The child is lively as well as healthy. )
这孩子既健康又活泼。
It concerns not only me but also you.
( = It concerns you as well as me. )
这件事不但与我有关, 而且也与你有关。
10、可以用 but … too / as well 替代but also. 例如：
She not only sang well but danced gracefully too ( or as well ) .
她不仅歌唱得好，舞也跳得好。
not only … but also双语例句
1、Children's television not only entertains but also teaches.
儿童电视节目不仅有娱乐性而且还有教育意义。
2、In particular, local pressures if reproduced in other countries such as India may be the best path for dealing with not only pollution but also global warming.
尤其需要提及的是，如果中国这种来自国内的压力重现于印度等国，它就有可能成为不仅是应对环境污染，甚至是应对全球变暖的最佳路径。
3、The room is not only large but also beautiful.
这房间不但大而且漂亮。
